Edukasi Manajemen Kebutuhan Energi Surya Untuk Sistem Pompa Irigasi Otomatis Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Air Pertanian Di Desa Ulak Depati

Abstract

Agricultural irrigation in Ulak Depati Village remains constrained by dependence on diesel-powered pumps, limited water availability during the dry season, and unstable electricity supply. This study aimed to design an Arduino-based automatic irrigation pump powered by a Solar Power Generation System (PLTS), determine the energy requirements and capacity of solar panels and batteries, and evaluate system performance in supporting agricultural water resilience. The study employed literature review, observation, discussion, and consultation methods. The designed system consisted of three 200 Wp solar panels connected in parallel, a 40 A MPPT Solar Charge Controller, two 12 V 100 Ah batteries connected in series, an Arduino Uno, a soil moisture sensor, and a DC water pump. The results showed that the total daily energy requirement was 706.5 Wh, with the water pump being the largest energy consumer at 671.38 Wh/day. The minimum required solar panel capacity was 141.3 Wp based on an effective peak sun hour of 5 hours/day, while the installed capacity was 600 Wp. The minimum battery capacity was 60 Ah at 24 V, whereas the system used a 100 Ah battery with stored energy of 2,400 Wh. Testing showed that the pump operated at 23.23–24.30 V and 6.43–7.20 A, while water volume reached 2,513.60 L after 246 minutes of operation. The PLTS was theoretically capable of producing 3,000 Wh/day, exceeding the daily energy requirement. These results indicate that the proposed system can meet the energy needs of the automatic irrigation pump and provide energy reserves to support irrigation continuity under reduced solar irradiation conditions.