Peran Pemerintah Dalam Proses Pencabutan Baiat Dan Reintegrasi Mantan Anggota Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) Ke Masyarakat: Kajian Di Wilayah Tanggerang Raya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v5i10.7446Abstract
The involvement of individuals in groups claiming affiliation with the Indonesian Islamic State (NII) raises issues beyond national security, including the protection of citizens’ rights, freedom to leave a group, restoration of social relationships, and acceptance by local communities. This article examines how disengagement from allegiance (baiat) may be understood and supported, and how government institutions can contribute to the social reintegration of former NII members. It aims to analyze the legal basis and scope of governmental roles, identify conceptual and institutional challenges, and formulate a rights-based reintegration model within the contextual scope of Greater Tangerang. The study adopts normative legal research based on documentary and literature review, using statutory, conceptual, and policy approaches. Primary legal materials include the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 5 of 2018, Government Regulation No. 77 of 2019, Presidential Regulation No. 7 of 2021, and BNPT Regulation No. 3 of 2024. Secondary materials address deradicalization, disengagement, reintegration, and public governance. The materials are analyzed qualitatively through legal inventory, content analysis, stakeholder mapping, and prescriptive reasoning. The study finds that Indonesian law recognizes deradicalization and social reintegration, but the withdrawal of baiat by NII members should not automatically be treated as a uniform formal legal procedure. Each individual’s legal status must be assessed according to facts and applicable legal processes. The article proposes a gradual reintegration model involving individual assessment, voluntary psychosocial and religious support, family engagement, economic empowerment, strengthened local-government capacity, and measures against stigma and discrimination
Downloads
References
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Bjørgo, T., & Horgan, J. (Eds.). (2009). Leaving terrorism behind: Individual and collective disengagement. Routledge.
Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011
Hadjon, P. M. (1987). Perlindungan hukum bagi rakyat di Indonesia: Sebuah studi tentang prinsip-prinsipnya, penanganannya oleh pengadilan dalam lingkungan peradilan umum dan pembentukan peradilan administrasi negara. Bina Ilmu.
Horgan, J. (2009). Walking away from terrorism: Accounts of disengagement from radical and extremist movements. Routledge.
Schmid, A. P. (Ed.). (2011). The Routledge handbook of terrorism research. Routledge.
Silke, A. (Ed.). (2011). The psychology of counter-terrorism. Routledge.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2018). Handbook on the management of violent extremist prisoners and the prevention of radicalization to violence in prisons. United Nations.
United Nations Development Programme. (2016). Preventing violent extremism through promoting inclusive development, tolerance and respect for diversity. UNDP.
United Nations Development Programme. (2023). Journey to extremism in Africa: Pathways to recruitment and disengagement. UNDP.
Prayitno, E. (2025). Reintegrasi dan kontra-radikalisme: Studi kasus efektivitas program deradikalisasi BNPT di Lapas Khusus Sentul. Oratio Directa, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.59017/oratiodirecta.v8i1.117
Aisy, R., & Prasetya, D. A. (2025). Reintegration or recidivism? Rethinking Indonesia’s policies toward former terrorism convicts. Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.15294/ijctns.v5i1.34555
Mutual aid in social reintegration of former terrorist prisoner in Indonesia. (2020). EMPATI: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/empati/article/view/17020
Rompegading, A. M., Ariadin, & Junaedi. (2025). Evaluasi kebijakan reintegrasi sosial dalam pemenuhan hak asasi mantan narapidana teroris di Kota Makassar. Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syari'ah, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.71998
Republik Indonesia. (1945). Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Republik Indonesia. (2018). Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2003 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme.
Republik Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 77 Tahun 2019 tentang Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Terorisme dan Pelindungan terhadap Penyidik, Penuntut Umum, Hakim, dan Petugas Pemasyarakatan.
Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Rencana Aksi Nasional Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Ekstremisme Berbasis Kekerasan yang Mengarah pada Terorisme Tahun 2020–2024.
Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme. (2024). Peraturan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme Nomor 3 Tahun 2024 tentang Pelaksanaan Deradikalisasi bagi Mantan Narapidana Terorisme dan Orang atau Kelompok Orang yang Sudah Terpapar Paham Radikal Terorisme.
United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nations General Assembly.
United Nations. (1966). International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. United Nations.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Iwan Sofyan, Amalia Syauket, Edi Saputra Hasibuan, Rahmat Saputra, Diana Fitrianan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
