Needs Tokoh Shin dalam Film Kingdom: Kajian Psikoanalisis Henry Murray

Abstract

This research discusses the needs of a character in achieving his goals. This study aims to identify the needs that drive the actions of the character of Shin to avenge his friend's death and realize his dream of becoming a Great General. The research method used is the descriptive qualitative method. The research data are taken from the film titled Kingdom (2019) and are analyzed using Henry Murray’s personology theory. Data were collected through documentation techniques using the observation and note-taking method. The researcher watched the film thoroughly, then recorded the dialogues and scenes representing the character of Shin's needs to be classified into the categories of needs according to Henry Murray's personology theory. Through the analysis conducted, eight needs were found within the character of Shin: achievement, nurturance, affiliation, aggression, harm-avoidance, abasement, dominance, and defendance. The most dominant need in the character of Shin is the need for aggression. Other findings show an interrelation between needs, where the need for harm-avoidance triggers the emergence of the need for aggression.

Penelitian ini membahas needs seorang tokoh dalam mencapai tujuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi needs yang mendorong tindakan tokoh Shin untuk membalas dendam atas kematian temannya dan mewujudkan impiannya menjadi seorang Jenderal Agung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini diambil dari film berjudul Kingdom (2019) yang dianalisis menggunakan teori personologi Henry Murray. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi dengan metode simak dan catat. Peneliti menyimak film secara menyeluruh, kemudian mencatat dialog serta adegan yang merepresentasikan needs tokoh Shin untuk diklasifikasikan ke dalam kategori needs menurut teori personologi Henry Murray. Melalui analisis yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan delapan needs dalam diri tokoh Shin: achievement, nurturance, affiliation, aggression, harm-avoidance, abasement, dominance, dan defendance. Need yang paling dominan pada tokoh Shin adalah need aggression. Temuan lain menunjukkan adanya hubungan antar needs, di mana need harm-avoidance memicu munculnya need aggression.