Pengaruh Transformational Leadership dan Employee Engagement terhadap Kinerja Karyawan: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and employee engagement on employee performance through a systematic literature review (SLR) approach using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method. This study examined 15 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025 and obtained from various academic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The selection process was systematically conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the sources.The results show that transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on employee performance through the leader's ability to provide inspiration, motivation, and individual attention to employees. Furthermore, employee engagement has been shown to play a significant role in improving performance by increasing employee emotional involvement, dedication, and loyalty to the organization. The main findings of this study indicate that employee engagement serves as a mediating variable, strengthening the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance. In other words, effective transformational leadership can increase employee engagement, which ultimately impacts performance.This research provides a theoretical contribution by strengthening the integration of transformational leadership theory, Social Exchange Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources Model in explaining the relationship between leadership, engagement, and performance. Practically, the results of this study provide implications for organizations in developing transformational leadership styles and creating work environments that support increased employee engagement to achieve optimal and sustainable performance.