SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Pengembangan Karier, dan Persepsi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dengan Burnout sebagai Pemediasi (Studi Kausal Pangkalan Sarana Operasi Bea dan Cukai)

Rahmad Efendi Sembiring — 2026-02-04

This study examines the direct and indirect effects of the work environment (X₁), career development (X₂), and work perception (X₃) on job satisfaction (Y), with burnout (Z) serving as a mediating variable. The topic is important because organizational improvements and increasing performance demands may unintentionally intensify psychological strain, particularly in high-risk and high-demand work settings. This research was conducted at the Customs and Excise Operational Facility Base, focusing on patrol boat crew members who face complex operational and emotional challenges. The study employed a quantitative explanatory research design to test causal relationships among variables. The sample consisted of 214 respondents drawn from a population of 458 patrol boat crew members. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), encompassing measurement model evaluation through convergent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability testing using composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha. Structural model analysis included adjusted R², Q², variance inflation factor (VIF), effect size (F²), model fit, goodness of fit (GOF), and path coefficients, with statistical significance determined by T-statistics greater than 1.96 and p-values below 0.05. The results indicate that the work environment has a positive effect on burnout, while career development and work perception have negative and significant effects on burnout. Burnout negatively affects job satisfaction and fully mediates the relationship between the work environment and job satisfaction, while partially mediating the effects of career development and work perception. Work perception emerged as the strongest predictor of job satisfaction. These findings emphasize the crucial role of burnout as a psychological mechanism and highlight the paradox that modern work environments may increase emotional exhaustion if not balanced with adequate organizational support.

Hubungan antara Self-esteem dan Self-compassion dengan Resiliensi pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Perkuliahan

Adinda Amelia Fitriani — 2026-02-19

This study examined the relationship between self-esteem and self-compassion with resilience among first-year university students. A quantitative approach was employed with 100 first-year students at Universitas Muria Kudus who completed online questionnaires assessing resilience, self-esteem, and self-compassion. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Spearman’s Rho correlation in SPSS 27.0. The results showed that self-esteem and self-compassion jointly had a highly significant positive relationship with resilience (r = 0.721; p < 0.01), explaining 52.16% of the variance in resilience. Individually, self-esteem demonstrated a strong positive relationship with resilience (r = 0.719; p < 0.01), whereas self-compassion showed a moderate but still significant positive relationship (r = 0.526; p < 0.01). These findings indicate that higher levels of self-esteem and self-compassion are associated with stronger adaptive capacity and greater emotional stability among first-year students when facing academic and social challenges during the transition to university life. Overall, this study highlights the importance of strengthening internal psychological resources as protective factors for resilience in emerging adulthood. The results also suggest that well-being programs designed to foster self-worth, self-acceptance, and compassionate attitudes toward oneself may contribute to improved adjustment, academic persistence, and mental health among first-year university students. In conclusion, higher education institutions are expected to design psychological intervention programs that focus on strengthening the internal aspects of new students. The implementation of these programs should be carried out in an integrative manner, not only oriented towards boosting self-esteem through academic achievement, but also including self-compassion training to build students' emotional stability in facing pressure.

Analisis Sentimen pada Ulasan Aplikasi Notion AI dengan Metode Support Vector Machine dan Random Forest

Mawadatul Maulidah — 2026-02-19

In the digital era, the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been rapidly expanding across various fields, including information management through applications such as Notion AI. This study aims to analyze user sentiment toward the Notion AI application based on review comments on the Google Play Store using two machine learning algorithms, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest. The data were obtained via web scraping, comprising 300 review comments, 150 positive and 150 negative. The dataset was then divided into 80% training data and 20% testing data to ensure that the model evaluation was conducted objectively using data that were not involved in the training process. The research process included stages of data collection, preprocessing, classification modeling, model evaluation, data presentation, and analysis using the RapidMiner tool. The results showed that the Random Forest algorithm outperformed SVM, achieving an accuracy of 95.97%, a precision of 98.27%, a recall of 94.34%, and an AUC value of 1.000. Meanwhile, the SVM model produced an accuracy of 85.97% and an AUC of 0.954. This study indicates that Random Forest is more effective in handling variations in text data and provides more accurate classification results. Overall, the majority of user reviews of Notion AI are positive, particularly regarding the ease of AI writing features and productivity enhancement, while negative reviews generally relate to language limitations and paid features.

Peran Kualitas Pelayanan dan Kepercayaan Konsumen dalam Membentuk Kepuasan Pelanggan Jasa Servis Iphone Nonresmi

Lia Yuliani — 2026-02-19

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality and consumer trust on customer satisfaction levels in iPhone service providers at Pacmac Pacitan. Low customer satisfaction arising from inconsistencies in service results, limited information, and public doubts about unofficial service providers is a problem in this study. The research was conducted through a quantitative approach with data processing using multiple linear regression analysis to comprehensively determine the relationship between variables. An analytical approach was used to assess the extent to which service quality and consumer trust shape customer perceptions and experiences of the services provided. The results of the regression analysis showed that service quality (β = 0.437; p < 0.001) and consumer trust (β = 0.295; p = 0.002) have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, with an Adjusted R² value of 0.471. Consumer trust has been shown to provide an important contribution and is a major factor in the use of electronic device service providers. Together, the variables of service quality and consumer trust have a significant influence in shaping customer satisfaction levels, so that improving service quality and strengthening trust are strategies that need to be prioritized.

Perancangan Meja Edukatif Multifungsi untuk Anak Pra Sekolah Berbasis Pendekatan Partisipatif

Ahmad Afif Ardiansah — 2026-02-19

This study aims to design a multifunctional educational table for preschool children by considering aspects of ergonomics, safety, educational functions, and material sustainability. The study uses a participatory approach combined with the Design Thinking method through the stages of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. In the empathize stage, the researchers explored user needs through observation and interviews with early childhood teachers to understand the problems that arise when children use conventional tables. The define stage resulted in a problem formulation related to the incompatibility of table dimensions, limited functionality, and lack of safety features. Concept ideation was carried out by producing alternative table designs that are stable, ergonomic, have storage space, and utilize furniture waste as the main material. Next, the researchers created a prototype in the form of a miniature table with dimensions and features tailored to the developmental needs of preschool children. The testing stage showed positive responses from teachers as evaluators, who assessed that the table design met the aspects of safety, functionality, and comfort for children. These results show that the Design Thinking approach is effective in producing educational furniture concepts that meet user needs.

The Pengaruh Media TikTok dan Faktor Pertemanan terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan dalam Belanja Online di TikTok Shop

Irfani Irfani — 2026-02-26

This study looks at how TikTok media and peer influence affect online buying decisions among students at the Sukamara Dormitory in Palangkaraya City. The rapid growth of digital technology and social commerce has changed social media platforms. TikTok has shifted from being purely for entertainment to offering integrated online shopping with features like short videos, live streaming, and TikTok Shop. For university students, TikTok has become a main source of product information and purchase prompts. Peer relationships play a key role in shaping buying behavior through recommendations, discussions, and social validation. This research is important because students in dormitories have many social interactions that can strengthen both digital and social influences on their purchasing choices.This study uses an explanatory research design with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through structured questionnaires given to all 96 students at Sukamara Dormitory using a census method. The analysis involved descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing with SPSS software to explore the effects of the independent variables.Based on the results of the R² test (value 0.350 = 35.0%) and the results of the study indicate that TikTok media has a significant positive influence on online purchasing decisions, and peer influence also significantly influences students' purchasing choices. In addition, TikTok media and peer influence together have a significant impact on online purchasing decisions. These findings emphasize the need to combine digital media strategies with social influence factors. This study concludes that understanding how social media platforms interact with peer dynamics is crucial for creating effective digital marketing strategies and promoting responsible online shopping habits among students.

Peran Tawakkal dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Mahasiswi Ibu Rumah Tangga yang Mengalami Kecemasan: Perspektif Psikologi Islam

Rina Melati — 2026-02-27

This study examines the relationship between tawakkal (trustful reliance upon Allah) and psychological well-being among married female students who also perform the role of housewives while pursuing online learning. The transition to online education has intensified multiple role demands, which may contribute to anxiety, fatigue, and diminished well-being. Within Islamic psychology, tawakkal is viewed as a religious coping orientation that may support emotional regulation, meaning-making, and resilience in stressful circumstances. Therefore, this research aimed (1) to describe levels of tawakkal and psychological well-being and (2) to test whether tawakkal is significantly associated with psychological well-being in this population. A quantitative correlational, cross-sectional design was employed. A total of 102 respondents were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected online between 25 November and 2 December 2025 using Likert-type questionnaires measuring tawakkal (14 items; Cronbach’s α = .646) and psychological well-being (12 items; α = .459). Descriptive results indicated moderate-to-high mean scores for tawakkal (M = 3.511, SD = 0.456) and psychological well-being (M = 3.587, SD = 0.378). Shapiro–Wilk testing showed that tawakkal scores were not normally distributed (p = .003); therefore, Spearman’s rank correlation was applied. The findings revealed a positive, statistically significant association between tawakkal and psychological well-being (ρ = .350, p < .001). These results suggest that higher tawakkal is related to higher psychological well-being among married female online learners. Practical implications include integrating tawakkal-based strengthening strategies into counseling and psycho-spiritual support services, while further research is recommended to employ instruments with stronger reliability and to include anxiety-related measures for deeper explanation.

Upaya Hukum yang Dapat Diambil Konsumen Terkait Keterlambatan dalam Proses Pengiriman Produk

Indra Indra — 2026-02-27

Delays in delivery of goods in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia cause material and immaterial losses for consumers. This situation places customers at a disadvantage and requires a firm regulatory framework to enforce their rights. The objective of this study is to analyze the regulatory arrangements that control delivery delays, the obligations of businesses and delivery services, and the mechanisms for customers facing default. The method applied is a doctrinal juridical study through regulatory methodology and an empirical study in the form of a survey and literature review related to e-commerce practices, customer protection, and default. The study findings indicate that legal regulations regarding delivery delays are quite comprehensive, reflected in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019, and delivery service regulations. However, practice in the field shows a gap between legal norms and reality, with more than 35% of consumers experiencing delays at least once a year due to internal business factors or logistical constraints. Consumers can pursue non-litigation legal remedies through complaints, grievances, or BPSK (the Consumer Protection and Security Agency), as well as litigation in the form of breach of contract lawsuits and demands for material and immaterial compensation. This study concludes that the success of legal customer protection depends heavily on regulatory implementation, coordination between businesses and delivery services, and consumers' understanding of their rights.

Analisis Indikator INA-CBGs dalam Perencanaan Strategis Kinerja Rumah Sakit Karya Dharma Husada Singaraja

Dewa Ayu Sri Agung Suandewi — 2026-02-27

Strategic planning plays a crucial role for hospitals in maintaining sustainability and competitiveness amid the dynamic healthcare environment and the National Health Insurance (JKN) financing system. The implementation of the prospective payment system based on Indonesian Case Based Groups (INA-CBGs) requires performance indicators that adequately reflect service volume, case complexity, and hospitals’ financial implications. INA-CBGs–based indicators, namely Casemix (CM), Casemix Index (CMI), and Hospital Base Rate (HBR), have the potential to support performance assessment and strategic planning; however, their utilization in private hospitals remains limited. This study aims to analyze the performance achievement of INA-CBGs indicators and examine their relevance for strategic performance planning at Karya Dharma Husada Hospital (RS KDH) Singaraja. This study employed a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative analysis was conducted longitudinally using a trend study approach on inpatient INA-CBGs claim data from 2022 to January–June 2024, followed by qualitative analysis through in-depth interviews to interpret and contextualize the quantitative findings. The results showed a total of 7,361 inpatient JKN cases, predominantly involving class III patients and low-severity cases. Casemix values fluctuated in line with changes in service volume and case mix, with obstetric cases being the dominant contributor. CMI values remained within the typical range for private class C hospitals, reflecting low to moderate service complexity. HBR performance demonstrated periods of surplus and deficit, indicating discrepancies between actual service costs and national INA-CBGs tariffs. Overall, the study indicates that INA-CBGs indicators have not yet been systematically integrated into performance evaluation and strategic planning; however, hospital management has recognized them as valuable information with potential to support future managerial decision-making.

Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Dukungan Sosial terhadap Resiliensi melalui Self Efficacy pada Santri Pondok Pesantren

Diza Hadaita — 2026-02-27

This research aims to analyze the influence of spiritual intelligence and social support on resilience through self-efficacy in Islamic boarding school students. The subjects of this research werw 100 students consisting of 48 male and 52 female in the city of Pekalongan. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling. Data collection uses a scale consisting of a scale of resilience, spiritual intelligence, social support, and self efficacy. Data analysis uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) program with SmartPLS. The results of the research show that there is a positive and significant influence between spiritual intelligence on resilience, there is a positive and significant influence between social support on resilience, there is a positive and significant influence between self-efficacy on resilience, there is a positive and significant influence between spiritual intelligence on resiience through sef-efficacy, there is a positive and significant influence between social support on resilience through self-efficacy.

Analisis Semiotika Charles Morris terhadap Pemaknaan Warna Brave Pink dan Hero Green pada Foto Profil Media Sosial dalam Prahara Agustus 2025

Abdul Aziz — 2026-02-27

The phenomenon of using the colors Brave Pink and Hero Green in social media profile pictures during the August 2025 public unrest illustrates how visual symbols influence public perception, emotion, and collective action. Initially non-political, these colors gained new meanings through emotionally charged events and widespread digital participation. This study aims to analyze the semiotic meanings of these colors using Charles Morris' semiotic framework, which includes semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic dimensions. This research employs a qualitative approach with semiotic analysis of visual data (profile images, posters, and social media posts) and supporting online media texts. The findings reveal that Brave Pink symbolizes gentle moral courage rooted in empathy, while Hero Green represents solidarity and moral protection for victims of injustice. The relational use of both colors establishes a collective visual code through which the public express’s identity, ideological stance, and digital solidarity. Pragmatically, these symbols generate social effects such as online participation, spread of peaceful resistance symbols, and reinforcement of networked solidarity. This study demonstrates that color can function as a dynamic social sign, reshaped and negotiated through digital interaction, influencing collective action in contemporary media environments.

Eksistensi Adat Kasiturusan dalam Pembagian Warisan Masyarakat Adat Toraja di Lembang Palesan Kabupaten Tana Toraja

Connie Else Pirade — 2026-02-27

In Toraja society, kasiturusan is not only an inheritance distribution mechanism but also a customary institution that sustains the tongkonan, strengthens kinship ties, and preserves cultural identity. In practice, kasiturusaninteracts with state law, creating dynamics of legal pluralism. This study aims to examine the existence of kasiturusan in the Toraja customary inheritance system and analyze its legal implications for heirs who either accept or reject it. This research applies a socio-legal approach, combining normative and empirical studies. Data were collected through literature review, legal document analysis, and theoretical frameworks involving legal pluralism theory, kinship theory, and sociology of law. The findings reveal that kasiturusan continues to strongly exist in Toraja society, though it has adapted to social, economic, and formal legal dynamics. Acceptance of kasiturusan reinforces the social position and customary legitimacy of heirs, while rejection results in the loss of symbolic rights, social exclusion, and potential disputes in the formal legal system. Kasiturusan serves a dual role as a cultural preservation institution and as a critical focal point in the dynamics of Indonesia’s legal pluralism. Therefore, proportional recognition by the state is necessary to avoid conflicts with the national legal system.

Pemberian Diversi dalam Proses Penyidikan Tindak Pidana terhadap Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus

Adi Sylvia Intan Pramesti Eas — 2026-02-27

Diversion for children with disabilities needs to be properly understood, considering that the implementation of diversion requires the perpetrator to meet and consult with the victim. Communication is key to successful diversion. Furthermore, understanding the perpetrator, namely the child with a disability, cannot be ignored. Investigations of crimes committed by children with special needs continue to refer to Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and other relevant laws and regulations. However, adjustments and special attention to the conditions of children with special needs during the investigation process are necessary to ensure the fulfillment of their rights and the best interests of the child. While the principle of legal certainty remains the foundation, investigations of children with special needs who commit crimes must be conducted with attention to the child's special needs. Diversion is based on the principle of restorative justice, which emphasizes restoring relationships between the perpetrator, victim, and community. Implementation of Diversion for Children with Special Needs: Identifying Special Needs: It is important to identify the child's special needs, such as intellectual disabilities, physical disabilities, or other developmental disorders.

Perlindungan Wajib Pajak dalam Perspektif Administrasi Publik: Analisis Peran Ikatan Wajib Pajak Indonesia (IWPI) sebagai Representasi Kepentingan Publik

Rinto Setiyawan — 2026-02-27

Taxation constitutes a primary instrument for financing government administration and public development. However, the relationship between the state and taxpayers is not always balanced. Tax authorities possess extensive powers in tax assessment, collection, and enforcement, while taxpayers often occupy a structurally weaker position. This imbalance creates conditions for administrative domination and potential abuse of authority. This article analyzes taxpayer protection from a public administration perspective by examining the role of the Indonesian Taxpayers Association (IWPI) as a form of public interest representation. The study adopts a conceptual review and policy analysis approach, utilizing documentary analysis of tax regulations, public administration literature, and IWPI’s institutional framework. The findings indicate that mechanisms for taxpayer representation are essential to strengthening accountability in tax administration and rebalancing power relations between the state and citizens. From a legal standpoint, IWPI faces no formal barriers, as it is established as a legally recognized association. However, its effectiveness is constrained by structural obstacles, particularly limited access to tax policymaking processes and information. These constraints are closely linked to the authoritarian character of Indonesia’s tax administration, where normative and technical authority is highly centralized under the Minister of Finance. This centralization is reflected in the extensive delegation of regulatory authority through ministerial regulations, as well as in the institutional positioning of the Directorate General of Taxes and the Tax Court, which remains administratively under the Ministry of Finance until 31 December 2026. The article argues that taxpayer protection is an integral component of democratic governance and underscores the need for institutional reform to reduce power asymmetries within tax administration.

Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Business-to-Business (B2B) PT Satukelas Adhyapana Nusantara dalam Meningkatkan Leads

Sabila Sabila — 2026-02-27

This study aims to analyze the business-to-business (B2B) marketing communication strategy by Brevet Pajak Satukelas in order to increase leads. The method used is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection through direct observation and in-depth interviews with SEM and the Training Director, as well as the Head of Marketing Brevet Pajak, and using the concept of The Marketing Communications Planning Framework to determine the marketing communication strategy carried out, from the planning stage to the evaluation. The results of the study show that the business-to-business marketing communication strategy of the Brevet Pajak program increased by 10-15% per month in acquiring leads, it was found that Brevet Pajak Satukelas uses three marketing communication strategies, namely pull, push, and profile. The push strategy aims to increase leads through a direct approach using Whatsapp and direct presentations. Then, the pull strategy aims to build initial interest and increase awareness. Meanwhile, the profile strategy aims to build the company's image and reputation through LSP ownership and collaboration with LSP and ATPI. Therefore, the main communication activities carried out by Brevet Pajak Satukelas are marketing communications and public relations.

Penanganan Bedah Tumor Mammae: Studi terhadap Efektivitas Teknik Onkoplastik dan Konservasi Payudara dalam Menurunkan Morbiditas Pasca Operasi

Rudi Haris Munandar — 2026-02-27

Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, prompting continuous refinement of surgical strategies to achieve optimal oncological control while preserving patients’ physical integrity and quality of life. The transition from radical mastectomy toward breast-conserving surgery and oncoplastic approaches reflects a paradigm shift that prioritizes both tumor eradication and postoperative functional–aesthetic outcomes. This study systematically evaluates the effectiveness of oncoplastic and breast-conserving techniques in reducing postoperative morbidity among patients with breast tumors. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework, focusing on peer-reviewed articles published within the past decade that addressed conservative surgical methods and reported morbidity-related outcomes. From 325 articles initially identified across multiple databases, 75 duplicates were removed, leaving 250 records for title and abstract screening. Subsequently, 125 articles underwent full-text review; 40 were excluded due to inaccessibility, and 55 did not meet the eligibility criteria. Ultimately, 30 studies fulfilled all inclusion requirements and were analyzed comprehensively. The findings indicate that oncoplastic surgery expands the eligibility criteria for breast-conserving procedures without elevating local recurrence rates, while simultaneously improving cosmetic satisfaction and overall quality of life. Conventional breast-conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy demonstrates long-term oncological safety comparable to mastectomy, with added advantages in maintaining body image and psychosocial well-being. Determinants of successful outcomes include anatomical suitability, tumor dimension and topography, surgical expertise, multidisciplinary collaboration, and institutional support systems. Collectively, the evidence underscores that integrative surgical approaches balancing oncological rigor and reconstructive precision contribute significantly to lowering postoperative morbidity.

Penerapan Tri Hita Karana di Perpustakaan SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Utara untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Siswa

Ni Nyoman Alit Putri Wardani — 2026-02-27

School libraries are vital facilities in supporting the improvement of students’ reading and writing literacy. In today’s digital era, students’ interest in reading tends to decline as they increasingly access information through social media and gadgets. Moreover, the quality of school libraries has remained below standard over the years, leading to reluctance among the school community to visit and engage in literacy activities there. This study employs a qualitative descriptive case study method, focusing on an in-depth understanding of the processes, interactions, and experiences of students in carrying out literacy activities in the school library. The research subjects include students as library users who benefit directly, teachers as facilitators, and librarians. Data collection was conducted through observation of literacy activities at SMAN 1 Kuta Utara’s library, in-depth interviews with students and teachers, and documentation of literacy programs complemented by library reports. Data analysis involved reducing key information, presenting it in narrative form, and drawing conclusions about the findings related to the application of Tri Hita Karana values in the library of SMAN 1 Kuta Utara to enhance students’ reading and writing literacy. The findings highlight, (1) the application of parhyangan values, by habituating prayer before reading to provide peace of mind, serenity of heart, and the ability to bring forth new knowledge and perspectives in literacy; (2) the application of pawongan values, the creation of harmonious relationships between librarians and users through warm and friendly service that fosters reading interest and enhances literacy; (3) the application of palemahan values, with a representative layout and reading space that is clean, comfortable, cool, and quiet, creating attraction and convenience for users to visit and engage in literacy, while also ensuring librarians feel comfortable in serving users in their work. Based on the guest book data, the average number of daily visits reaches 100 library users who come to read and engage in literacy activities at the library.

Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja pada Anggota Yanma Sat Brimob Polda Jateng

Assyifa Salsabila — 2026-02-27

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of work stress and work motivation on employee performance. The research was conducted in an elite unit of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) in Central Java, namely Yanma Sat Brimob Polda Jawa Tengah. The population consisted of 60 members, and a saturated sampling technique was applied, involving all members as respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using a quantitative approach based on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data quality testing included validity and reliability tests, followed by coefficient of determination (R²), effect size (F²), and hypothesis testing using the t-test. The analysis was conducted using SmartPLS version 4 for Windows. The results indicate that work stress and work motivation simultaneously have a substantial influence on performance, with a combined explanatory power of 71 percent. Partially, both variables show a statistically significant effect on performance. However, the findings reveal that work stress in the context of Yanma Sat Brimob functions as a hindrance stressor, which tends to reduce performance effectiveness when not properly managed, rather than as a challenge stressor that enhances alertness or adaptive performance. In contrast, high work motivation consistently contributes to improved performance outcomes. These results suggest that while motivation serves as a performance-enhancing factor, unmanaged work stress acts as a performance-inhibiting factor. Therefore, organizational management within Yanma Sat Brimob Polda Jawa Tengah is expected to prioritize effective stress management strategies alongside motivational reinforcement to optimize member performance. This study provides empirical evidence that can support policy formulation and human resource management in high-risk organizational environments.

Analisis Yuridis Upaya Pencegahan dan Risiko Hukum terhadap Kebocoran Data Rekam Medis Elektronik Pasien di RSUD Serpong Utara

Alya Puspita Juliasari — 2026-02-27

The advancement of digitalization in healthcare services requires hospitals to implement Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) supported by secure, accurate, and integrated data management. This study aims to analyze the compliance of data breach prevention measures for patient EMRs at RSUD Serpong Utara with national legal provisions and to assess the potential legal risks arising from data breaches. The research employs a normative–empirical juridical approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with the Medical Records Coordinator, EMR implementing officers, Head of the IT Team, Public Relations officers, and the Chair of the Quality Committee, as well as analysis of internal documents and relevant laws and regulations. The findings indicate that RSUD Serpong Utara has implemented access control mechanisms, individual user accounts, hierarchical supervision, and data storage on external servers to prevent data breaches. However, EMR implementation remains hybrid in several units, the CPPT audit trail has not been effectively implemented, and there is no appointed Data Protection Officer or internal legal unit. The enactment of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP) establishes a more stringent regulatory standard compared to previous regulations, demanding comprehensive compliance from healthcare institutions in protecting patient data. The potential legal risks include administrative sanctions, civil liability claims, and criminal liability. Based on normative juridical analysis of the applicable laws and regulations and empirical findings regarding EMR management practices at RSUD Serpong Utara, this study concludes that strengthening EMR governance through the completion of digital transition, the appointment of a Data Protection Officer, the establishment of an internal legal unit, and the effective implementation of incident audits and audit trails is necessary to enhance legal compliance and reduce the risk of patient data breaches.

Tradisi Saparan sebagai Akulturasi Budaya dan Nilai Kearifan Lokal di Dusun Ploso, Kota Salatiga

Lin Lin Adhani — 2026-02-27

This study examines the symbolic meanings and cultural acculturation embodied in the Saparan Tradition practiced in Ploso Hamlet, Salatiga City, through Clifford Geertz’s interpretive anthropological approach. The Saparan Tradition represents an important form of Javanese cultural heritage that integrates Islamic values with local wisdom and continues to be preserved across generations. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving traditional leaders, religious figures, and community members. The findings indicate that each stage of the Saparan ritual ranging from the determination of auspicious timing, preparation of offerings, village cleansing activities, to the communal feast contains symbolic meanings that reflect a harmonious relationship between humans, nature, and God. A central finding reveals a syncretic integration between Islamic values and local Javanese elements, where doa and tahlil led by religious leaders coexist with traditional offerings (sesaji) without negating their respective meanings. Islamic prayers function as expressions of gratitude and devotion to God, while offerings symbolize respect for nature, ancestors, and cosmic balance, forming a shared system of meaning within the community. Cultural symbols such as palawija, pala pendem, roasted chicken, and other ritual elements convey social, moral, and spiritual values, reinforcing gratitude, mutual cooperation, social solidarity, environmental awareness, and respect for ancestral heritage. Furthermore, the Saparan Tradition functions as a cultural mechanism that strengthens intergenerational bonds and preserves local identity amid globalization and modernization. These values also demonstrate relevance as contextual learning resources for Social Studies education based on local wisdom.

Analisis Hubungan Jumlah Aparatur Sipil Negara dengan Cakupan Layanan Dasar Pendidikan dan Kesehatan di Kabupaten Bangka Tahun 2020-2024

Delliya Delliya — 2026-02-27

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the number of civil servants (ASN) and the coverage of basic education and health services in Kabupaten Bangka during the 2020–2024 period. The study employs a quantitative approach using a library research method, supported by descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation tests, and simple linear regression. The data used are secondary data consisting of the number of ASN teachers and health personnel, service ratios, and indicators of basic education and health service coverage. The correlation test results show that the relationship between the number of ASN teachers and education service coverage has a correlation coefficient of r = 0.213 with a significance value of p = 0.642 (p > 0.05), indicating a weak and statistically insignificant relationship. Meanwhile, the correlation between the number of ASN health personnel and health service coverage yields r = 0.178 with a significance level of p = 0.701 (p > 0.05), which also reflects a very weak and statistically insignificant relationship. The regression analysis further supports these findings, as the coefficient of determination for the education sector is only R² = 0.045, and for the health sector R² = 0.032, suggesting that the number of ASN explains only a very small proportion of the variance in service coverage. These findings indicate that ASN policies focused solely on increasing personnel quantity are not necessarily effective in improving public service quality unless accompanied by optimal management, equitable distribution, competency development, and effective utilization of ASN. Therefore, policy evaluation at the regional level should emphasize effectiveness, performance, and strategic allocation of ASN rather than merely increasing the number of personnel.

Efektivitas Kebijakan Lima Hari Kerja pada Bidang Pelayanan Publik di Kantor Desa Penyamun Kecamatan Pemali Kabupaten Bangka

Resti Resti — 2026-02-27

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the five-day workday policy on public services at the Penyamun Village Office, Pemali District, Bangka Regency. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the five-day workday policy has been implemented in accordance with the Bangka Regent's Circular Letter of 2024 and has been able to maintain the continuity of public services by adjusting working days and hours. Village officials have been able to adapt to the new work system, although there are still disciplinary challenges and differences in public satisfaction levels. The five-day workday policy is considered effective and has had a positive impact on public services at the Penyamun Village Office. This study implies that the village government needs to improve apparatus discipline and evaluate the five-day workday policy to optimize public services.

Analisis Prinsip Good Governance dalam Pelaksanaan Pelayanan Publik di Kantor Desa Kimak Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka

Sofi Yulia Sari — 2026-02-27

The study on the Analysis of Good Governance Principles in the Implementation of Public Services in Kimak Village, Merawang District, Bangka Regency is a qualitative descriptive study aimed at providing a real depiction of the service conditions in the village. The instruments used include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with data analysis conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and data verification based on primary and secondary data sources. The focus of the research concerns nine criteria for measuring good governance, namely Participation, Legal Supervision, Transparency, Responsiveness, Consensus-Oriented, Justice and Inclusivity, Effectiveness and Efficiency, Accountability, and Strategic Vision. The results indicate that of the nine criteria, five have not been implemented ideally, namely Participation, Rule of Law, Justice and Inclusivity, Effectiveness and Efficiency, and Accountability. The other four criteria have been ideally fulfilled, namely Transparency, Responsiveness, Consensus-Oriented, and Strategic Vision. This study also explicitly examines the consistency between the “Anti-Corruption” predicate attributed to Kimak Village and the actual practice of good governance principles in the implementation of public services in the field. These findings clearly conclude that the achievement obtained by Kimak Village in 2023 as the best village in providing public services at the Bangka Regency level was not measured using the nine criteria established by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Abuse of Religious Authority: A Case Study of Walid’s Sexual Violence in the Bidaah Series from the Perspective of Q.S. Al-Mu’minun: 5

Ulin Nuha Fauziati — 2026-02-27

This study investigates the abuse of religious authority in the representation of sexual violence committed by the character Walid in the Malaysian drama series Bidaah, using the ethical principle of safeguarding honor (ḥifẓ al-furūj) in Q.S. Al-Mu’minun: 5 as an interpretive lens. The topic is significant because authority in religious settings can function as moral guidance yet may also be instrumentalized to legitimize domination, silence victims, and normalize abuse. Employing a qualitative design, this research combines netnography and library research. Netnography is used to examine the series’ narrative structure, dialogue, and surrounding digital discourse, while library research analyzes classical and contemporary Qur’anic exegesis as well as scholarship on power relations and authority-based sexual violence. The findings show that Walid’s abuse operates through (1) the manipulation of sexual consent framed as religious obedience, (2) coercion of intimacy via spiritual threats and moral guilt, (3) disciplinary control over victims’ bodies and social relations, and (4) repetitive and systematic sexual exploitation within a closed religious community. These practices demonstrate how “truth” claims and sacred symbolism can function as mechanisms of power that erode bodily autonomy and the capacity to refuse. Furthermore, this research enriches understanding of how “silencing” of victims operates in closed religious communities, making resistance and access to justice highly constrained. From the perspective of Q.S. Al-Mu’minun: 5, both classical and contemporary interpretations emphasize that such acts violate faith-based ethics, human dignity, and the moral objectives of Islam. This study concludes that sexual violence grounded in religious authority has no theological legitimacy and constitutes a severe deviation in religious practice.

The Concept of the Anti-Hero Character in the Movie The Mask (1994)

Shandina Marwa — 2026-02-27

This study explores the duality of the main character’s persona in The Mask (1994) by applying Christopher Vogler’s narrative framework within the context of film studies. The research aims to investigate the concept of the anti-hero as a recurring character type in modern narrative texts, particularly in cinematic works, where characters are defined by flawed attributes and ethically ambiguous behavior. The relevance of the anti-hero lies in its deviation from conventional heroic archetypes and its function as a representation of shifting public values and beliefs. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a narrative structuralism approach. The analysis draws on Christopher Vogler’s concept of the anti-hero and Eaton’s (2012) anti-hero theory to examine narrative elements within the film. The film’s narrative presents the main character through traits such as manipulative, cruel, petty, malicious, selfish, ill-tempered, and duplicitous behavior. Primary data consist of significant character interactions, dialogues, and visual representations in specific scenes, while secondary data are obtained from previous studies and relevant literature on anti-hero representation and heroic film theory. The findings indicate that the main character in The Mask successfully embodies the anti-hero archetype by critiquing everyday identity repression, releasing subconscious impulses, and disrupting social conformity through chaos. This study contributes to academic discussions on anti-hero characters by demonstrating how The Mask, beyond its cartoonish entertainment value, functions as a structural narrative text in which manipulative traits dominate the character’s transformation.

Dinamika Resiliensi Mahasiswa Semester Akhir Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Abellita Putri Dika Ramadhani — 2026-02-27

The last grade students are under much pressure academically and psychologically when completing their final undergraduate project, which may affect their psychological happiness and impede the continuation of their academic. Under these circumstances, students need to build resilience so they can respond positively and succeed in their studies despite many difficulties. Previous studies on student resilience have largely focused on general resilience outcomes or treated resilience as a relatively stable personal characteristic. The purpose of this study is to discover how resilience manifests in the dynamic process among final-year university students in the Guidance and Counseling Program at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. For this research, a qualitative descriptive design was used following a purposive selection of five final year students. Personal experiences of students in coping with academic pressure, emotional disturbance, and adaptive strategies in the process of thesis writing were included by means of interviews. Thematic analysis was done, and patterns in the data were sought concerning factors towards resilience. Results suggest that student resilience is dynamic and evolves through ongoing internal-external transactions. This finding extends existing resilience studies by highlighting the fluctuating and situational nature of resilience during the thesis completion phase. The most difficult parts seem to be emotional regulation and impulse control during times of academic insecurity. But hope, social support, and self-efficacy were instrumental in their resilience in the face of high academic pressure. Over time, students derived positive meaning from their hardships, which facilitated the development of adaptive capacity. These results indicate that resilience in final year students is not the lack of stress, but to develop adequate emotional responses in order to address academic difficulties. The findings also underscore the significance of guidance and counseling services in higher education for promoting emotional regulation, self-efficacy, and resilience development in students’ academic performance.

Kesejahteraan Mental Sebagai Investasi Strategis dalam Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia

Irvan Setiawan — 2026-02-27

The issue of employee well-being is increasingly becoming a major concern in human resource management as work demands and modern organizational dynamics increase. High work pressure, changes in work systems, and post-pandemic uncertainty have the potential to worsen the psychological condition of employees if not balanced with adequate work resources. This study aims to analyze the role of supervisor support, work-life balance, and meaningful work on employee well-being as a strategic investment in human resource management. This study uses a descriptive-exploratory qualitative approach with purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation of employees and line managers, supported by secondary data in the form of relevant scientific literature and institutional publications. The results show that supervisor support plays an important role in creating psychological safety, work-life balance contributes to emotional stability, and meaningful work strengthens employee engagement and mental resilience. Simultaneously, these three variables function as complementary job resources in improving employee well-being, as explained in the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) Theory framework. Meaningful Work acts as a “psychological anchor.” When organizational dynamics create uncertainty (such as changes in work systems), meaningful work ensures that employees remain connected to their professional identity, thereby preventing mental disorientation. This study concludes that strengthening psychosocial resources in the workplace is an effective strategy for improving employee well-being and supporting the sustainability of organizational performance and productivity.

Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Mutu Lembaga Pendidikan di SMK Ma’arif NU 02 Kemiri

Angely Nafachatul Muna — 2026-02-27

This study examines transformational leadership's role in improving educational quality at SMK Ma'arif NU 02 Kemiri, focusing on pedagogical quality and teacher professionalism. Vocational schools must respond to dynamic workplace changes while maintaining educational quality and character development, making transformational leadership, emphasizing inspiration, motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual consideration—a strategic approach. Using qualitative literature review methodology, this research analyzed previous empirical studies and theoretical frameworks through systematic review and thematic analysis of scholarly articles on transformational leadership in vocational education contexts. Findings reveal transformational leadership significantly impacts three areas: (1) pedagogical quality improvement through innovative teaching methods and technology integration; (2) teacher professionalism enhancement via increased creativity, critical thinking, and learning design autonomy; and (3) collaborative work culture strengthening through improved communication and collective decision-making. Pedagogical quality emerges as the most significantly impacted indicator, manifested through teachers' capacity to develop adaptive strategies, implement student-centered pedagogies, and align vocational competencies with industry demands. Despite challenges including resistance to change and limited resources, transformational leadership effectively fosters sustainable school development, particularly in faith-based institutions integrating religious values with professional competencies, ultimately influencing institutional capacity and graduate employability.

Deteksi Email Spam Menggunakan Multinomial Naive Bayes dengan Teknik Bag of Words

Widya Mulyaningtyas — 2026-02-27

Email is a means of communication within internal networks and the internet for the exchange of information. Email is still used today because of its ease of use. However, with the increase in the number of incoming emails, the problem of spam has arisen, requiring effective methods for detecting spam so that users can manage their email more efficiently and avoid potential fraud and disruption. This study aims to analyze the thematic and linguistic patterns of email messages based on their content using text classification techniques with the Multinomial Naive Bayes algorithm, which is believed to have good accuracy in detecting spam emails. The research consists of collecting a dataset related to Indonesian-language spam emails, preprocessing the data, training the model by dividing it into two scenarios (with and without stemming), and evaluating the model. Features from the email text will be converted into numerical representations using the Bags-of-Words method. Classification performance evaluation is carried out using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-Score, and confusion matrix metrics. Experimental results demonstrate that the Multinomial Naive Bayes model without stemming achieved the highest performance with an Accuracy of 92.5%, Precision of 91.0%, and F1-Score of 91.7%. These findings indicate that stemming in short texts like spam emails eliminates crucial semantic features (affixes) characteristic of spam. This study contributes to providing optimal pre-processing recommendations for Indonesian short text classification.

Peran NGO Transnasional dalam Konservasi Penyu di Kabupaten Berau: Studi Dokumen Yayasan Penyu Indonesia

Vinna Faulina — 2026-02-27

Sea turtle conservation represents a global environmental challenge that increasingly involves non-state actors, particularly transnational non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This study examines the role of transnational NGOs in sea turtle conservation efforts in Berau Regency, Indonesia, with a focus on cooperation patterns, funding mechanisms, and the transfer of global conservation norms to the local level. Employing a qualitative research design, the study utilizes a document-based approach by analyzing annual reports, cooperation documents, program descriptions, and official publications of the Indonesian Turtle Foundation (Yayasan Penyu Indonesia/YPI), which functions as the implementing partner of transnational NGOs. Data were analyzed through thematic procedures encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the role of transnational NGOs extends beyond financial assistance to include strengthening local institutional capacity, standardizing conservation practices in accordance with global norms, and fostering active participation among coastal communities. Notably, the study identifies a significant shift in community behavior, particularly among coastal residents who were previously involved in egg harvesting and have gradually transformed into active nest protectors and conservation volunteers as a result of NGO-led education, incentive schemes, and community-based conservation programs. The study further demonstrates that sea turtle conservation in Berau is implemented through a multi-actor governance framework involving NGOs, international donors, local governments, and community stakeholders, reflecting the dynamics of global environmental governance. Additionally, the research highlights the process of global norm diffusion, whereby international conservation values are translated into localized practices through education, advocacy, and community engagement. By situating sea turtle conservation within an international relations perspective, this study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the political and governance dimensions of environmental conservation and underscoring the strategic significance of transnational NGOs in shaping sustainable conservation outcomes at the local level.

Penyelesaian Sengketa Transaksi Elektronik Melalui Online Dispute Resolution

Difa Ayu Puspita — 2026-02-27

The development of information technology has driven the growth of electronic transactions, particularly in technology-based lending and borrowing (P2PL) and e-commerce services, which in turn has increased the potential for disputes between parties. Conventional dispute resolution mechanisms are considered less effective in the context of digital transactions that are cross-regional, fast, and technology-based, so Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) has emerged as a relevant alternative. This is especially urgent in cross-border transactions, where parties from different countries may be subject to varying legal systems, creating challenges for timely and fair dispute resolution. This study aims to examine the mechanism for resolving electronic transaction disputes through ODR and identify the challenges faced in its implementation in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, and strengthened by data from interviews with relevant parties, namely the BPSK of Banten Province and LAPS SJK. The results of the study indicate that although Indonesia has a legal basis that allows the implementation of ODR, the regulations are still general and do not comprehensively regulate aspects of mechanisms, procedures, legal force of decisions, and personal data protection. In addition, the implementation of ODR also faces obstacles such as limited technological infrastructure, low digital literacy of the community, and risks to data security and confidentiality. Thus, this study concludes that regulatory improvements and strengthening of support systems are necessary to ensure effective implementation of ODR, provide legal certainty, and protect the rights of parties in resolving electronic transaction disputes.

Administrasi kepala Sekolah dalam Supervisi Akademik untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru di MTs Lokus: MTs Al Hikmah Karawang

Ayi Najmul Hidayat — 2026-02-27

This study focuses on analyzing the role of the principal's administrative management in academic supervision as a strategic effort to improve teacher performance at Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs). Academic supervision is viewed not merely as an evaluative activity, but as a comprehensive administrative process that supports professional development and continuous improvement among teachers. To achieve this objective, the study employed a qualitative research approach with data collected through three main techniques. First, in-depth interviews were conducted to obtain detailed information regarding the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the principal's administrative practices in academic supervision. Second, direct observations were carried out to examine how supervisory planning, implementation, and evaluation were applied in real school settings. Third, document analysis was used to review relevant administrative documents, including supervision plans, implementation records, and evaluation reports prepared by the principal. Data were analyzed using the interactive analysis model developed by Miles and Huberman, which involves data reduction, data display, and the drawing and verification of conclusions. This analytical approach enabled the researcher to systematically interpret complex qualitative data and identify meaningful patterns related to supervisory administration. To ensure the credibility and trustworthiness of the findings, data validity was strengthened through source triangulation and technique triangulation, as well as member checking with key informants to confirm the accuracy of interpretations. The findings reveal that well-organized administrative management of academic supervision, covering systematic planning, implementation, documentation, reporting, evaluation, and follow-up, plays a significant role in enhancing teacher performance at MTs. However, several key challenges were identified during the implementation process, including time constraints due to the principal's multiple administrative responsibilities and the lack of standardized supervision instruments. To address these obstacles, the principal implemented several strategic solutions: delegating certain supervisory tasks to senior teachers, developing flexible supervision schedules, and creating contextualized supervision instruments adapted to the specific needs of the madrasah. Effective supervisory administration encourages teachers to improve their instructional practices, thereby contributing positively to the overall quality of learning.

Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce Reviewed from the Aspect of Contractual Liability in Marketplace Platforms

Anatomi Muliawan — 2026-02-27

Electronic commerce through marketplaces is rapidly growing, offering convenience in transactions but also creating challenges in consumer protection. Consumers remain vulnerable due to asymmetric information, differences in geographic location, limitations of liability clauses in marketplace terms, and difficulties in accessing evidence. This study aims to analyze: (1) Consumer protection regulations in electronic commerce under Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, and (2) The contractual responsibility of marketplaces in safeguarding consumers. Using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes data qualitatively through literature review. The results indicate that while the Consumer Protection Law provides normative rightssuch as information, safety, and compensation the law is not fully adapted to digital transactions, leaving gaps in enforcement and remedies. Marketplaces, as intermediaries, hold contractual responsibility through mechanisms like complaint handling, refunds, and product returns. However, limitations of liability and unclear procedures for exercising consumer rights create legal uncertainty and weaken consumer protection. The study concludes that these gaps should be addressed by strengthening and clarifying marketplace contractual responsibilities, ensuring effective, fair, and legally certain protection for consumers in electronic commerce.

Pengaruh Pola Pikir Kewirausahaan dan Ketahanan Psikologis terhadap Niat Menjadi Wirausaha Mahasiswa di Indonesia

Nabila Qinthara Putri — 2026-02-27

Entrepreneurship is increasingly viewed as a strategic pillar of modern economic development due to its role in creating jobs, driving innovation, and strengthening national economic resilience. In Indonesia, the large demographic potential of the productive age group, particularly among students, makes entrepreneurship a relevant career alternative amidst technological disruption and market uncertainty. Rapid digital transformation, the expansion of the gig economy, and the growing demand for creative industries further highlight the importance of entrepreneurial competencies among young people. Universities, therefore, are expected not only to produce job seekers but also to nurture job creators who are capable of identifying opportunities and transforming ideas into sustainable ventures. However, the high level of entrepreneurial intention among students does not always translate into actual business creation. Various psychological factors, such as self-efficacy, risk tolerance, motivation, and resilience, play significant roles in shaping entrepreneurial behavior. Social support, access to capital, mentorship, and exposure to entrepreneurial role models also influence students’ readiness to start and sustain a business. Understanding these multidimensional determinants is essential to bridge the gap between intention and action. This study has contributions by enriching psychologically-based entrepreneurship studies, as well as practical implications for universities and policymakers in designing more adaptive, experiential, and sustainable entrepreneurship education programs that align with industry needs and national economic priorities.

Urgensi Pengesahan Undang-undang Perampasan Aset dalam Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia (Studi Putusan Nomor 1277 PK/PID.SUS/2024)

Ummu Faizah — 2026-02-27

Economic crimes, particularly corruption and money laundering, are systemic crimes that cause significant state losses and undermine public trust in legal institutions in Indonesia. The increasing complexity of these crimes, marked by sophisticated patterns of asset concealment and cross-jurisdictional transfers, often weakens the effectiveness of conventional criminal justice mechanisms. This condition raises fundamental legal concerns regarding the adequacy of the current criminal justice regime in ensuring optimal asset recovery. Against this backdrop, the ratification of the Asset Forfeiture Bill (RUU Perampasan Aset) emerges as an urgent legal necessity, as it introduces a non-conviction-based asset forfeiture (NCB) mechanism grounded in the in rem principle, allowing asset confiscation without waiting for a final criminal conviction.This study focuses on examining the judicial reasoning (rasio decidendi) in Supreme Court Decision Number 1277 PK/Pid.Sus/2024, which highlights that conventional criminal procedures face prolonged timelines, multi-layered judicial processes, and difficulties in tracing and recovering criminal proceeds, creating substantial obstacles to effective state loss recovery. The Court emphasized that reliance solely on criminal conviction as a precondition for asset forfeiture may undermine both the effectiveness of state loss recovery and the broader public interest in combating economic crimes. This consideration forms the legal basis for recognizing the necessity of a non-conviction-based forfeiture mechanism.Using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, this study finds that the decision illustrates the limitations of conventional criminal justice procedures while underscoring the urgency for legislative reform through the ratification of the Asset Forfeiture Law. The law would ensure more effective recovery of state losses, enhance legal certainty, and maintain a proportional balance between law enforcement objectives and human rights protection.

Aplikasi Penentuan Jumlah Pinjaman USP (Usaha Simpan Pinjam) Bantan Jaya Berbasis Web

Surya Darma — 2026-02-27

The rapid development of information technology has encouraged digital transformation in microfinance institutions, including Savings and Loan Enterprises (USP); however, most existing systems primarily focus on transaction recording and administrative efficiency without integrating structured financial feasibility analysis into loan amount determination. This study aims to design and develop a web-based loan determination system at USP Bantan Jaya that integrates field survey data and the Utilization Business Plan (RUP) into an automated calculation model incorporating net income analysis, installment capacity (set at 50% of net income), and risk adjustment factors based on historical arrears ratios. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of measurable financial parameters and risk-based adjustment into a structured decision-support mechanism supported by Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to ensure data security and access control. Functional testing using the black box method demonstrated a 100% success rate across nine core system features, while simulation results showed that the system standardized loan eligibility calculations and adjusted loan disbursement up to 60% of the initial application based on risk assessment. These results indicate that the proposed system enhances decision consistency, transparency, and accuracy in determining loan amounts, providing a practical and replicable model for more professional and sustainable USP management.

Pengaruh Administrasi Pendaftaran, SDM, Sarana dan Prasarana terhadap Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Waktu Tunggu Pasien di IGD RSUD Junjung Besaoh

Faguita Sona Putri — 2026-02-27

Waiting time for health services in the emergency department is one of the most sensitive components of service quality assessment and a major concern in the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) for hospitals. Therefore, emergency department management must consider all aspects that can affect waiting time holistically, from administrative processes and workforce capacity to the availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of registration administration, human resources, and facilities and infrastructure on the factors affecting patient waiting times in the ED of Junjung Besaoh General Hospital. This study is quantitative research. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 96 respondents, and multiple linear regression was used to examine the effects of the independent variables on patient waiting times. The results show that registration administration, human resources, and facilities and infrastructure significantly affect patient waiting times, with an $R^2$ value of 0.78, indicating that these three variables explain 78% of the variance in waiting times. Among them, human resources had the most significant influence. This indicates that improvements in registration administration, human resources, and infrastructure are associated with shorter patient waiting times in the Emergency Department of Junjung Besaoh General Hospital.

Pengaruh Faktor Sumber Daya Manusia, Sarana dan Prasarana serta Dana Terhadap Ketersediaan Obat di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Cibinong

Putri Reza Permana — 2026-02-27

The optimal availability of medicines is an important indicator in supporting the quality of healthcare services in hospitals. This study aims to analyze the influence of human resources (HR), facilities and infrastructure, as well as funding on the availability of medicines at the Pharmacy Installation of Cibinong Regional General Hospital (RSUD Cibinong). A quantitative approach was employed in this study, using a survey method through questionnaires distributed to 36 respondents consisting of pharmaceutical personnel. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that partially, human resources have a significant effect on drug availability with a regression coefficient of 0.328 and a significance of 0.035. Facilities and infrastructure also have a significant effect with a coefficient of 0.132 and a significance of 0.049. Meanwhile, funds are the most dominant variable with a regression coefficient of 0.447 and a significance of 0.000. Simultaneously, these three variables have a significant effect on drug availability, with a calculated F value of 25.415 and a significance of 0.000. The adjusted R² value of 0.531 indicates that these three variables together explain 53.1% of the variation in drug availability. This study concludes that improving the quality of human resources, optimal maintenance of facilities and infrastructure, and efficient and timely management of funds are important factors in strengthening the hospital pharmaceutical logistics system and ensuring sustainable drug availability. Furthermore, the availability of medicines influenced by these three factors directly impacts healthcare service outcomes and patient satisfaction by enabling timely access to essential treatments and reducing the risk of treatment delays.

Pengaruh Prinsip Good Corporate Governance terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Wisma Davinci

Desmi Triyanti Purba — 2026-02-27

This study examines the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles on financial performance at Wisma Davinci. The population of this study consists of the Regional General Manager and supervisor levels at Wisma Davinci, with a total sample of 30 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The independent variable is Good Corporate Governance (X), while the dependent variable is Financial Performance (Y). Data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, simple linear regression, partial tests (t-tests), and coefficient of determination (R²) with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The validity test results show that all indicators of the Good Corporate Governance variable have a calculated r-value greater than the r-table value of 0.3610, indicating that the instruments are valid. The reliability test shows Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.960 and 0.937, which are greater than 0.60, confirming that the instruments are reliable. The simple linear regression analysis indicates that Good Corporate Governance has a positive effect on financial performance, with a regression coefficient (b) of 0.474. The partial test results show that Good Corporate Governance significantly affects financial performance (t-count = [isi t-hitung], p < 0.001). Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.837 indicates that Good Corporate Governance explains 83.7% of the variation in financial performance, while the remaining 16.3% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model. These findings confirm that the implementation of Good Corporate Governance plays a crucial role in improving financial performance at Wisma Davinci.

Strengthening Women’s Economic Independence through Creative Economy-Based Community Empowerment by Optimizing Local Banana Resources in Tongkaina Village

Kayla A Ch Sudarto — 2026-02-27

Women’s empowerment based on the creative economy is a strategic approach to strengthening community economic independence, particularly in rural areas. This research was conducted in Tongkaina Village, which possesses abundant banana resources that have not been optimally utilized. The empowerment program was designed to enhance women’s economic capacity through the application of appropriate technology and market diversification strategies. The program focused on processing banana plants into value-added products such as banana leaf tea, banana chips, and banana fiber-based handicrafts. Using a mentoring and participatory approach, the program involved 25 women participants who received training in production techniques, basic business management, and marketing strategies. The results indicate that approximately 50% of participants experienced improved production skills, while average household income increased by around 80% after the implementation of the program. In addition to economic benefits, the program strengthened women’s self-confidence, entrepreneurial motivation, and active participation in community economic activities. Furthermore, social impacts were observed in the form of increased solidarity, cooperation, and collective awareness among women in utilizing local resources sustainably. Overall, this study demonstrates that creative economy-based empowerment using local banana resources can serve as a replicable and sustainable empowerment model for other rural villages with similar natural resource potential.

Peran Kegiatan Komersial dalam membentuk Sense of Place di Ruang Publik berdasarkan Persepsi Pengunjung (Studi Kasus: Taman Literasi, Blok M)

Chintya Primadinda Safira — 2026-02-27

This study examines the role of commercial activities in shaping the sense of place in Martha Christina Tiahahu Literacy Park, Blok M, Jakarta, a revitalized public space that has evolved into a multifunctional urban destination. The increasing presence of cafés, restaurants, bazaars, and promotional events has transformed the park by integrating social, recreational, and economic functions. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey of 100 visitors selected through purposive sampling. Sense of place was analyzed through three dimensions: place identity, place attachment, and place dependence, while commercial activities were assessed based on physical, activity, and meaning aspects. Data were analyzed descriptively and supported by correlation analysis. The findings indicate that commercial activities have a positive and significant relationship with all dimensions of sense of place. The strongest correlation was found with place dependence (r = 0.68), indicating that commercial facilities enhance functional comfort, convenience, and the perceived irreplaceability of the park. Commercial activities also show a moderate-to-strong relationship with place attachment (r = 0.59), reflecting the role of repeated social interactions and shared experiences in fostering emotional bonds. Meanwhile, place identity demonstrates a positive correlation (r = 0.53), suggesting that the integration of commercial elements increases spatial attractiveness, activity diversity, and functional completeness. Overall, the study concludes that proportionally managed commercial activities can enhance the quality and vitality of public spaces without undermining their social and cultural values. These findings emphasize the importance of balancing economic, social, and educational functions in the planning and management of contemporary urban public spaces.

Kekuatan Eksekutorial Surat Paksa terhadap Penanggung Pajak yang Tidak Melunasi Utang Pajak (Studi Kasus Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Medan Petisah)

Sukma Ayu Manurung — 2026-02-27

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan eksekutorial surat paksa terhadap penanggung pajak yang tidak melunasi utang pajak, menganalisis kendala yang dihadapi, serta mengukur efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Medan Petisah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh konteks negara hukum yang menempatkan supremasi hukum sebagai dasar pengelolaan keuangan negara dengan pajak sebagai pilar utama. Sistem self-assessment yang dianut Indonesia membuka peluang terjadinya ketidakpatuhan, sehingga surat paksa sebagai instrumen penegakan hukum pajak menjadi krusial, terutama dalam kondisi rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan di KPP Pratama Medan Petisah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan Sosiologi Hukum (socio-legal approach) dan Perundang-Undangan (statute approach). Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan Kepala Seksi Pemeriksaan, Penilaian, dan Penagihan serta Juru Sita Pajak Negara, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif yuridis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan eksekutorial surat paksa di KPP Pratama Medan Petisah telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan perpajakan, khususnya Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2007. Surat paksa memiliki kekuatan eksekutorial yang sah dan setara dengan putusan hakim yang berkekuatan hukum tetap, sehingga dapat langsung dieksekusi tanpa melalui proses peradilan. Dari sisi efektivitas, penerbitan surat paksa terbukti mampu mendorong pencairan utang pajak secara signifikan, di mana lebih dari 90% penanggung pajak melunasi utang pajaknya setelah surat paksa disampaikan. Meskipun demikian, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi kendala berupa rendahnya kesadaran dan sikap tidak kooperatif penanggung pajak, kesulitan penelusuran alamat, serta perlawanan pasif maupun aktif. Namun, upaya hukum yang diajukan tidak menghambat pelaksanaan eksekusi. Dengan demikian, surat paksa terbukti efektif sebagai instrumen ultimum remedium dalam penegakan hukum pajak dan peningkatan kepatuhan wajib pajak.

Asimetri Informasi dan Greenwashing dalam Era Pemasaran Digital: Peran Strategi Digital Marketing terhadap Persepsi Keberlanjutan Konsumen

Mochamad Fatchurrohman — 2026-02-27

The rapid expansion of digital marketing has transformed how firms communicate sustainability values, yet it has also intensified information asymmetry between companies and consumers. Such asymmetry creates opportunities for greenwashing, where environmental claims are not fully supported by actual performance. This study examines the effect of information asymmetry on greenwashing and analyzes how digital marketing strategies influence greenwashing and consumer sustainability perceptions. Using an explanatory quantitative design and Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), the model tests the causal relationships among information asymmetry, digital marketing strategies, greenwashing, and consumer sustainability perceptions. The findings indicate that information asymmetry has a positive and significant effect on greenwashing, while digital marketing strategies exert a significant negative effect on greenwashing and a positive effect on consumer sustainability perceptions. Importantly, the results demonstrate that transparent and evidence-based digital marketing strategies have a stronger role in reducing information asymmetry and mitigating greenwashing practices than promotional approaches that merely amplify sustainability claims. Thus, effective digital marketing when grounded in transparency and interactive engagement contributes more substantially to minimizing information asymmetry and fostering authentic sustainability perceptions among consumers.

Analisis Peran Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pegawai di Kelurahan Sukosari, Kecamatan Kartoharjo Kota Madiun

Guntur Gumelar — 2026-02-27

Communication and human resources in an organization cannot be separated, as employees carry out their duties through continuous interaction with others. Interpersonal communication is an essential form of organizational communication that positively influences relationships between superiors and subordinates and contributes to changes in attitudes and the development of more constructive working relationships. This study aims to examine the role of interpersonal communication among employees at the Sukosari Village Office, Madiun City, and to analyze its contribution to improving employee performance. This research employed a qualitative approach, producing descriptive data in the form of words. The research subjects were employees of the Sukosari Village Office, Kartoharjo District, Madiun City, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that the four indicators of interpersonal communication openness, supportiveness, positivity, and equality have been implemented at an adequate level and function synergistically. Nevertheless, several obstacles were identified, including technical constraints such as limited communication facilities and psychological barriers such as reluctance to express opinions and differences in individual attitudes. These barriers are addressed through effective interpersonal communication, particularly openness and supportiveness, which facilitate mutual understanding, reduce miscommunication, and strengthen trust among employees. Employee performance, measured through quality, quantity, responsibility, cooperation, and initiative, is categorized as good, reflecting commitment, teamwork, and initiative that support sustainable organizational performance improvement.

Implementasi Supervisi Akademik berbasis Refleksi Kolaboratif: Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Guru Tamu Industri di SMKN 5 Banjarmasin

Edi Fakhrin — 2026-02-27

This study addresses a persistent challenge in Indonesian vocational education, namely bridging the gap between classroom instruction and the rapidly evolving demands of industry within the link and match policy framework. The study aims to analyze the implementation of a collaborative reflection-based academic supervision model that integrates industrial guest teacher sessions into a structured supervision cycle to enhance the pedagogical competence of productive teachers at SMKN 5 Banjarmasin. Industrial guest teaching sessions were positioned as the initial trigger for supervision, followed by systematic classroom observation, reflective Focus Group Discussions, and pedagogical redesign through lesson plan revision. Using a qualitative approach with a participatory action research design, the study was conducted over six months and involved 12 productive teachers from the Automotive Engineering program. Data were collected through participatory observations of industrial guest sessions, structured FGDs using a modified design thinking framework, teacher reflection journals, lesson plan document analysis, and in-depth interviews. The findings indicate notable improvements in teachers’ pedagogical competencies, particularly in adapting industrial content into lesson plans (75%), applying problem-solving-based instructional strategies (70%), and developing contextual learning media (65%). Beyond individual competence enhancement, the supervision model fostered a sustainable Professional Learning Community (PLC), shifting teacher practices from individualistic to collaborative and inquiry-oriented. In addition, the model facilitated a transformation in the principal’s role from conventional supervision toward instructional leadership. Overall, the study concludes that collaborative reflection-based academic supervision embedded within industrial guest teacher programs offers an effective and transferable framework for strengthening institutional learning cultures responsive to industry demands.

Perception of Roblox game players toward interest in using Roblox Studio in the Karis Community (a community of female creators and developers in Roblox)

Fatifah Farida — 2026-02-27

The rapid development of digital technology has encouraged the emergence of interactive platforms that function not only as entertainment media but also as tools for learning and skill development. Roblox is a user-generated content gaming platform that allows users to play and create games through Roblox Studio. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of Roblox game players toward their intention to use Roblox Studio, focusing on members of the Karis Community, a community of female creators and developers on Roblox. This research applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the conceptual framework, emphasizing perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness as determinants of behavioral intention to use technology. A quantitative explanatory approach was employed in this study. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to Karis Community members who had experience using Roblox Studio. The research instrument was developed based on TAM constructs and measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use Roblox Studio. Perceived ease of use shows a stronger influence, indicating that ease in operating the platform encourages continued usage. Perceived usefulness also contributes significantly by demonstrating the benefits of Roblox Studio in supporting creativity and game development activities. These findings confirm the relevance of TAM in explaining technology acceptance within a creative community context.

Language Disorders in Patients with Broca’s Aphasia after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Psycholinguistic Study

Tessya Ajeng Nurjanah — 2026-02-27

This study aims to analyze the language impairment experienced by Ameh, a person with Broca's aphasia caused by a traumatic brain injury resulting from a motorcycle accident. Broca's aphasia is characterized by impaired speech production, although language comprehension remains relatively intact. This study focused on identifying patterns of language impairment such as phonological and syntactic deviations, limited verbal fluency, and the use of nonverbal communication strategies as a form of compensation. The method used was a qualitative descriptive case study. Data were obtained through conversational methods with Ameh's family and documentation related to his language activities. Meanwhile, the data analysis employed the articulatory matching method, which involves examining speech sound production by comparing Ameh’s articulatory patterns with standard phonological forms to identify deviations in phoneme realization and speech articulation. The results showed that Ameh experienced impaired speech production, difficulty in conveying ideas verbally, impaired social interaction and daily dynamics, syntactic deviations and difficulties in sentence construction, and limitations in maintaining two-way conversations. This study provides a new contribution to the field of psycholinguistics by highlighting the etiology of brain trauma, which has rarely been studied in depth in Indonesia. This study is also expected to serve as a reference for families, therapists, and caregivers in supporting the communication process of people with aphasia.

Pengaruh Intensitas Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence (AI), Literasi Digital, dan Kreativitas Terhadap Etika Belajar Mahasiswa Melalui Motivasi Belajar Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Ahmad Ihsanul Anhar — 2026-02-27

This study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage intensity, digital literacy, and creativity on student learning ethics, with learning motivation as a mediating variable among UNISKA MAB Banjarmasin students in the 2024/2025 academic year. In the digital era, education increasingly relies on technological innovation, requiring students to balance digital competence with ethical learning behavior such as discipline, respect, and responsibility. The research employs a quantitative explanatory approach to explore cause-and-effect relationships, involving 96 proportional samples from a total population of 1,999 students. Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS Version 4.

The results indicate that AI usage intensity has a positive but insignificant effect on learning ethics (p = 0.374), while digital literacy shows a strong and significant positive impact (p = 0.040). Creativity has a positive yet insignificant effect (p = 0.669), whereas learning motivation has a strong and significant influence on learning ethics (p = 0.000). Furthermore, AI usage through learning motivation shows a negative but insignificant effect (p = 0.903), digital literacy through learning motivation shows a positive but insignificant effect (p = 0.065), and creativity through learning motivation demonstrates a strong and significant positive effect (p = 0.000). These findings highlight learning motivation as a key factor linking creativity and ethical learning behavior in the digital age.

Hubungan antara Dukungan Sosial Rekan Kerja dan Kebersyukuran dengan Kepuasan Hidup pada Guru Honorer

Dian Suryani — 2026-02-27

Honorary teachers in Indonesia play a crucial role in education but face significant challenges, including low salaries, job insecurity, high workloads, and limited benefits, which often lead to psychological distress and reduced well-being. Employing a quantitative correlational approach, data were collected from 102 honorary junior high school teachers in Bandar Lampung using purposive sampling. Instruments included the Coworker Social Support Scale (32 items, α = 0.910), Gratitude Questionnaire (adapted GQ-6, 29 items), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS, α = 0.921). Data analysis utilized multiple regression with IBM SPSS 26.0, following tests for normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. Results indicate a significant simultaneous relationship between coworker social support and gratitude with life satisfaction (R = 0.759, R² = 0.576, F = 67.183, p < 0.001), contributing 57.6% to variance, with the remainder influenced by other factors. Individually, coworker social support shows a positive significant correlation (r = 0.089, p = 0.002, effective contribution 3.79%), while gratitude exhibits a stronger link (r = 0.713, p < 0.001, effective contribution 53.83%). The regression equation is Y = 15.199 + 0.093X₁ + 0.657X₂. Findings underscore the protective roles of social support and gratitude in enhancing life satisfaction amid occupational hardships. Practically, schools and local education authorities may utilize these findings by designing collegial work-climate strengthening programs, peer-support forums, structured mentoring systems, and gratitude-based reflective activities integrated into teacher development initiatives. Such programs may serve as preventive strategies to promote teachers’ psychological well-being. Future research is encouraged to incorporate additional variables, such as work-life balance, using mixed methods approaches.

Analisis Kelengkapan Pengisian dan Ketepatan Waktu Pengembalian Dokumen Rekam Medis Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Zainab Pekanbaru Tahun 2025

Hashifah Faizah — 2026-02-27

Inpatient medical records are essential documents that function as clinical, administrative, legal, financial, research, and managerial information sources in hospital health services. The completeness of documentation and the timeliness of returning medical record files are important indicators of service quality, continuity of care, and patient safety. Incomplete records and delayed returns may affect clinical decision-making, reporting accuracy, and hospital performance evaluation. This study aims to analyze the completeness of documentation and the timeliness of returning inpatient medical records at Zainab Mother and Child Hospital, Pekanbaru, in 2025, as well as to identify factors influencing these processes. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. Data were collected through direct observation of inpatient medical record workflows, in-depth interviews with medical record officers, nurses, and physicians, and document review of standard operating procedures and medical record timeliness reports. Data triangulation was applied to ensure the credibility of the findings. The results indicate that incomplete documentation was still found in several important components, particularly in patient progress notes and authentication sections. In addition, delays in returning medical record files beyond the established 2 × 24-hour standard were identified. Contributing factors included limited human resources, high workload, lack of routine monitoring and evaluation, and inadequate supporting facilities. This study concludes that improving the quality of inpatient medical record management requires strengthening human resource competencies, enforcing compliance with standard operating procedures, and enhancing supervision and coordination among related service units.

Pengaruh Customer Trust dan Perceived Risk terhadap Purchase Decision pada Produk Skintific dengan Customer Satisfaction sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Tsania Lisfayla Shofa — 2026-02-27

This study aims to examine the influence of customer trust and perceived risk on purchase decision for Skintific products, with customer satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing purposive sampling to collect data from 160 respondents who are active users of Skintific skincare products. Primary data were gathered through structured online questionnaires, and the analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. The findings reveal that both customer trust and perceived risk exert a significant direct influence on purchase decision. Specifically, higher levels of trust positively drive consumers' buying choices, while lower perceived risk also significantly encourages purchase intentions. Regarding the mediator, perceived risk has a significant negative effect on customer satisfaction, indicating that greater uncertainty or potential drawbacks reduce overall satisfaction with the product. In contrast, customer trust demonstrates a positive relationship with customer satisfaction, although this effect is not statistically significant. Furthermore, the results of the indirect effect analysis show that customer satisfaction does not significantly mediate the relationships between customer trust and perceived risk on purchase decision. This suggests that the impact of trust and risk perceptions on buying behavior operates predominantly through direct pathways rather than being channeled through satisfaction levels. This condition may occur because skincare purchase decisions tend to be driven more strongly by perceived product efficacy, safety assurance, and visible results rather than by emotional satisfaction alone. Consumers are likely to base their decisions on tangible evidence of effectiveness and risk reduction prior to purchase, making satisfaction which is typically formed after product usage less influential as an intervening variable.

The Influence of Viral Marketing, Product Quality, and Price on Consumers’ Purchase Intention for Converse Shoes in Sidoarjo City (Among Generation Z TikTok Users in Sidoarjo)

Indah Nillam Kurnia — 2026-02-27

This study examines the influence of viral marketing, product quality, and price on purchase intention toward Converse shoes among Generation Z TikTok users in Sidoarjo. This topic is important because digital platforms, particularly TikTok and affiliate-based promotion, have accelerated the spread of product information and shaped young consumers’ purchasing behavior in the fashion industry. A quantitative survey method was employed using a structured questionnaire. The population consisted of 128 Generation Z consumers in Sidoarjo who showed interest in buying Converse shoes, and the Slovin formula with a 5% error tolerance resulted in a sample of 96 respondents selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression. The results indicate that viral marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention (t = 3.621; p < 0.05), product quality also has a positive and significant effect (t = 2.494; p < 0.05), and price shows the strongest positive and significant effect (t = 5.858; p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the three variables significantly influence purchase intention (F = 105.924; p < 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.775, indicating that 77.5% of the variance in purchase intention can be explained by viral marketing, product quality, and price, while the remaining 22.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. This study reinforces the viral marketing–product quality–price framework in explaining purchase intention among Generation Z TikTok users. In conclusion, viral marketing, product quality, and price significantly affect purchase intention for Converse shoes in Sidoarjo, with price as the most dominant factor.

Tradisi Literasi Al-Qur’an Anak Buruh Migran Indonesia di Sanggar Bimbingan Pantai Dalam Malaysia

Filda Amalia — 2026-02-27

The tradition of Quranic literacy is an important foundation in the formation of the religious and moral identity of Muslims. However, children of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia face challenges in accessing Quranic education due to limited administrative identity, economic pressures, and minimal parental guidance. The absence of clear legal identity not only restricts their access to formal education but also creates a sense of marginalization that influences their motivation to seek religious literacy as a source of belonging and self-worth. This study aims to describe the Quranic literacy skills of migrant workers' children and analyze the reception and internalization of the Quranic literacy tradition in daily life at the Pantai Dalam Guidance Center in Kuala Lumpur. The study used a qualitative approach using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and verification using the Miles and Huberman model, and validated through triangulation of sources, techniques, and theories. The results show that Quranic literacy practices at the studio not only improve reading, writing, and memorization skills but also create a fun, interactive, and participatory learning experience. Children interpret the Quran as a source of moral values, religious motivation, and future aspirations. Reception analysis based on Ahmad Rafiq's theory emphasizes two main forms of reception: aesthetic, namely the emotional and sensory experience through tadarus and tartil; and functional/performative, where the Qur'an is carried out as a daily life practice that shapes children's attitudes, behavior, and religious identity. These findings emphasize that community-based non-formal education plays a strategic role in internalizing Qur'anic values, strengthening moral character, and building a religious and integrated migrant community.

The Influence of Days Past Due, Loan Amount, and Deposit Proportion on Non-Performing Loans at the CU Sejahtera Makmur Bersama Savings and Loan Cooperative

Nurwiyati Nurwiyati — 2026-02-27

This study examines the influence of Days Past Due, Loan Amount, and Savings Proportion on credit default risk in CU Sejahtera Makmur Bersama using a comparative machine learning approach. Random Forest and XGBoost models were implemented and evaluated using Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Coefficient of Determination (R²). The results indicate that XGBoost_Optimized achieved the best performance with the lowest MSE (23,124,275,951) and the highest R² (0.020977), while Random Forest showed slightly better MAE performance (69,923,891). However, the R² value remains very low, indicating that the models explain only around 2% of the variance in credit default outcomes. This limited explanatory power is likely attributable to the absence of non-financial and behavioral variables, such as borrower character, repayment discipline, and employment stability, which are critical determinants of default behavior in cooperative lending. Additionally, potential data imbalance or outlier effects may have further reduced predictive accuracy. These findings suggest that financial indicators alone are insufficient to capture the complexity of non-performing loans. Future research should integrate borrower behavioral attributes, macroeconomic variables, and alternative modeling strategies such as binary classification or risk segmentation techniques to improve predictive performance and practical applicability.

Hubungan antara Penerimaan Sosial dan Ketidakpuasan Penampilan Ideal pada Mahasiswa Dampak Standar Kecantikan Media Sosial Tiktok

Ari Yanti — 2026-02-27

Social media, particularly TikTok, plays a major role in shaping idealized beauty standards through intense and repetitive visual content. Continuous exposure to unrealistic ideals (e.g., slim body shape, fair skin, and “proportional” facial features) may encourage social comparison and contribute to negative body evaluation, leading to dissatisfaction with one’s ideal appearance. This condition can affect not only intrapersonal well-being but also interpersonal functioning, especially the way students perceive their social acceptance within peer and academic environments. This study aimed to examine the relationship between ideal appearance dissatisfaction and perceived social acceptance among university students who actively use TikTok. A quantitative approach with a survey design was employed. Participants were 150 university students aged 18–25 years who reported active TikTok use. Data were collected using a 50-item Likert-scale questionnaire measuring ideal appearance dissatisfaction and social acceptance. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant and strong relationship between ideal appearance dissatisfaction and perceived social acceptance (r = 0.624, p = 0.000 < 0.05). The findings indicate that higher levels of dissatisfaction with ideal appearance are associated with lower levels of perceived social acceptance among students. These results underline the importance of strengthening self-acceptance, improving media literacy, and promoting responsible TikTok use to reduce maladaptive social comparison and support students’ mental health and social functioning. Future interventions may focus on psychoeducation and campus-based counseling programs that encourage healthy body image and adaptive coping strategies in the digital era.

A Systematic Review of the Antecedents and Outcomes of Career Plateau

Lediana Mareza — 2026-02-27

This study presents a systematic literature review on the concept of career plateau and its implications for employees and organizations. The review analyzes 29 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025 from the Scopus database, ensuring high-quality evidence. Career plateau is identified as a multifaceted phenomenon in which individuals perceive stagnation or deadlock in their career progression, potentially affecting emotional well-being, interpersonal relationships, and professional performance. Findings indicate that antecedents of career plateau occur at multiple levels. Individual factors include personal motivation, career expectations, psychological characteristics, and emotional regulation. Job-related factors encompass role overload, work-life conflict, and limited challenge or career progression. Organizational factors involve structural limitations, ineffective career management systems, low organizational justice, and job insecurity. Protective factors, such as organizational support, positive psychological capital, continuous learning, and technology utilization—including AI—can mitigate negative consequences. Career plateau is linked to various outcomes, including increased job burnout, reduced work engagement, diminished job performance, turnover intention, and counterproductive work behaviors. However, some studies note that career plateau may also emerge as a deliberate career choice in specific contexts. The review highlights that these effects are context-dependent, influenced by sector, profession, and organizational environment. This study identifies research gaps, emphasizing the need for more rigorous empirical studies, broader sector coverage, and stronger theoretical frameworks. By synthesizing existing knowledge, the review provides a comprehensive understanding of career plateau, guiding future research and informing interventions to manage career stagnation, enhance employee well-being, and improve organizational effectiveness.

Implementasi Program Muhadoroh sebagai Media Pengembangan Public Speaking Santri di Pondok Pesantren Sirojul Haromain Pongangan

Rosiyah Rosiyah — 2026-02-27

Public speaking ability is one of the essential communication skills needed by students to support their roles in da’wah, leadership, and social participation. In the context of Islamic boarding schools, this ability is important because students are expected to be able to convey ideas and religious messages clearly and confidently. However, in reality, this ability has not developed optimally among students, including those at Sirojul Haromain Islamic Boarding School, Pongangan. Many students still experience a lack of confidence and difficulty in organizing speech materials. One of the programs organized by the pesantren to develop public speaking skills is the muhadoroh activity, which is conducted regularly as a forum for students to practice speaking in public. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the muhadoroh program as a medium for developing students’ public speaking skills, including planning, implementation, evaluation, and the obstacles encountered. This research employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the muhadoroh program plays a positive role in improving students’ self-confidence, speaking courage, and ability to organize presentation materials. Students’ success in the program is assessed through direct feedback from supervisors and administrators after each performance, focusing on criteria such as mastery of material, clarity of delivery, voice intonation, body language, and confidence level. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the program still faces several challenges, such as limited mentoring, a lack of variation in delivery methods, and unsystematic evaluation. Therefore, strengthening the implementation of the muhadoroh program is necessary to support the more optimal development of students’ public speaking skills.

Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pemilik Hak atas Tanah dalam Penetapan Ganti Rugi Terkait dengan Pengadaan Tanah Pembangunan Jalan Tol

Zihan Tasha Maharani Fauzi — 2026-02-27

Land acquisition for public interest often generates conflicts, particularly in determining compensation for land rights holders in toll road projects. Disputes commonly arise due to differences in land valuation, procedural inconsistencies, and perceptions of fairness. One notable example is Supreme Court Decision Number 1655 K/Pdt/2024, in which the cassation appeal concerning the amount of compensation was rejected. This study analyzes the determination of the form and amount of compensation, as well as the available legal protection mechanisms. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, the research finds that compensation determination has not fully complied with Article 37 of Law Number 2 of 2012. Although deliberation is required, the appraisal results are considered final and binding, creating inconsistencies and potential legal uncertainty. In Decision Number 1655 K/Pdt/2024, the Supreme Court rejected the petition because the applicant failed to provide valid legal proof of ownership and lawful transfer of land rights, particularly an authentic deed issued by a Land Deed Official (PPAT). The compensation assessment conducted by the Public Appraisal Office (KJPP) was based on officially registered data, namely the Certificate of Ownership classified as agricultural land. The Court found no misapplication of law or procedural error. This ruling reinforces the importance of formal legal documentation in compensation disputes and strengthens the principles of legal certainty and orderly land administration in land acquisition for public interest.

Pemetaan Jaringan Pengetahuan: Analisis Jaringan Sastra Sistematis Permainan Banyumasan dan Berpikir Kritis Anak

Murni Murni — 2026-02-27

Critical thinking is increasingly recognized as a core competency of the 21st century that must be cultivated from the early stages of education. However, in early childhood education practices, the development of critical thinking still tends to focus on formal approaches and modern or digital games, while the potential of traditional games rich in cultural context and cognitive challenges has not been systematically studied. Traditional cultural practices are often positioned merely as recreational activities, rather than as pedagogical media for developing children's higher-order thinking skills. Therefore, this study aims to examine how traditional Banyumasan games, particularly Lowok and Lithongan, contribute to fostering children's critical thinking skills. Through Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA), this study reviewed and mapped 163 scientific articles indexed by Scopus and Web of Science published between 2010 and 2024. Bibliometric and network analyses were conducted using VOS viewer to identify keyword relationships, co-citation patterns, bibliographic coupling, and collaboration networks between authors, institutions, and countries. The research findings reveal four main clusters: critical thinking and problem-solving in early childhood education, culture-based pedagogy through traditional games, collaborative learning and social interaction, and the integration of 21st-century skills in a game-based approach. The mapping results also indicate that neuroscientific perspectives examining the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying traditional game-based learning remain underexplored, highlighting a significant research gap in this field. Although this field is rapidly developing, publications are still dominated by American and European sources, with contributions from Southeast Asia limited. This research contributes to the development of educational science by demonstrating how culture-based pedagogical practices can strengthen children's critical thinking skills while opening up cross-cultural and longitudinal research directions.

Motivasi di Balik Keputusan Mahasiswa Akuntansi Melanjutkan ke PPAK: Pengaruh Lingkungan Masyarakat, Pengetahuan Akuntansi, dan Prospek Karir

Ni Made Rani Asthiti Irwanti — 2026-02-27

Accounting Professional Education (PPAk) is a strategic pathway to produce competent professional accountants; however, students’ interest in pursuing this program remains relatively low. Data from the Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia (IAI, 2025) indicate that the number of certified professional accountants in Indonesia is still disproportionate compared to industrial demand, creating a competency gap in the accounting profession. This study aims to analyze the influence of the social environment, accounting knowledge, and career prospects on accounting students’ decisions to pursue PPAk at Triatma Mulya University. This research employs a quantitative approach using primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 46 active seventh-semester accounting students selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0. The results show that all independent variables have a positive and significant effect on students’ decisions to pursue PPAk. Accounting knowledge has the strongest influence (β = 0.492; t = 5.183; p < 0.001), followed by social environment (β = 0.347; t = 3.779; p < 0.001), and career prospects (β = 0.274; t = 2.545; p = 0.011). The model explains 50.9% of the variance in students’ decisions to pursue PPAk (R² = 0.509; Adjusted R² = 0.474), which is categorized as moderate explanatory power. These findings indicate that students’ decisions are shaped by both internal factors (knowledge competence) and external factors (social influence and perceived career opportunities), with technical accounting understanding emerging as the most dominant determinant. This study implies that higher education institutions should strengthen profession-oriented curricula, expand professional certification exposure, and develop strategic programs such as scholarship schemes and direct job-placement partnerships after PPAk completion to enhance students’ interest in professional accounting education.

Penerapan 7 Kebiasaan Anak Indonesia Hebat (7 KAIH) dalam Membentuk Budaya Positif Siswa Kelas IV SDN Polehan 2 Malang

Shendi Hendrar Satriyo — 2026-02-27

This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of the 7 Kebiasaan Anak Indonesia Hebat (7 KAIH) program in shaping a positive school culture among fourth-grade students at SDN Polehan 2 Malang. A descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design was employed to explore the character habituation process within the authentic school context. Participants included 32 students, two homeroom teachers, and one principal selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using Likert-scale questionnaires, structured observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, with triangulation to ensure credibility. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means and percentages) and thematic analysis. The findings show that the implementation of 7 KAIH reached an effectiveness level of 81.4%, categorized as highly effective. Social engagement and religious habits achieved the highest scores, while learning enthusiasm showed the lowest (73%). The lower achievement in learning enthusiasm was influenced by limited intrinsic motivation, excessive gadget use, and insufficient parental academic support, indicating that cognitive-related habits require stronger integration with active classroom learning strategies. Triangulation results revealed an 88% convergence level, confirming data consistency. The program effectively fostered discipline, tolerance, and mutual cooperation. Supporting factors included teacher role modeling and a conducive school environment, whereas family economic conditions and digital distractions were major constraints. The 7 KAIH model is recommended as a replicable best practice to strengthen character education in elementary schools.

The Synergy of Artificial Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence in Human Resource Development: A Systematic Literature Review of Digital-Era Organizational Transformation

Syukron Afandi — 2026-02-27

This systematic literature review examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Emotional Intelligence (EI) jointly shape Human Resource Development (HRD) in the digital era. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched Scopus for peer-reviewed English-language journal articles and conference proceedings published between 2019 and January 2026 addressing AI, EI, and HRD/HRM. From 81 records, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using thematic synthesis. Five themes emerged: (1) AI-driven HRD decision-making, (2) EI as a critical digital-era competency, (3) human–AI collaboration mechanisms, (4) ethical challenges including algorithmic bias and workplace dehumanization, and (5) emerging theoretical frameworks. Unlike prior studies that frame AI as substitutive, our findings advance a human–AI collaboration perspective, demonstrating that AI and EI operate as complementary capabilities. AI strengthens efficiency, scalability, and predictive accuracy, while EI provides contextual judgment, ethical oversight, empathy, and trust-building. In AI-driven recruitment, managerial EI is crucial for identifying and correcting algorithmic bias and for ensuring fair, transparent decision-making. Drawing on Socio-Technical Systems Theory, we argue that digital transformation requires joint optimization of technological systems (AI) and social capabilities (EI). We propose the AI–EI Synergy Framework (AIEIS-HRD), outlining four integration mechanisms: complementarity, augmentation, moderation, and mediation. Sustainable HRD transformation depends on balancing technological advancement with emotionally intelligent governance.

The Effect of Competence and Training on Employee Performance with Work Motivation as a Mediating Variable in Private Manufacturing Companies in Garut Regency

Angga Juanda — 2026-02-27

This study examines the effect of competence and training on employee performance with work motivation as a mediating variable in private manufacturing companies in Garut Regency. Using a quantitative explanatory design, data were collected from 100 permanent employees through structured questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares was applied for data analysis. The findings indicate that competence (β = 0.34, p = 0.001) and training (β = 0.28, p = 0.003) significantly affect employee performance. Both competence (β = 0.37, p = 0.000) and training (β = 0.33, p = 0.001) significantly influence work motivation, which in turn significantly affects performance (β = 0.42, p = 0.000). Work motivation partially mediates these relationships. The model demonstrates good fit with SRMR = 0.048 and NFI = 0.93. The study reinforces workplace learning as a practical form of lifelong learning that supports technological adaptation in regional manufacturing industries.

Enhancing Employee Performance through Transformational Leadership and Employee Engagement in Educational Service Institutions

Pacifico Shorea Rotaria — 2026-02-27

Adolescence is a critical developmental period characterized by emotional instability, identity exploration, and increased vulnerability to interpersonal conflict, particularly within school environments where peer interactions are intensive. In Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), which integrates academic and religious education, empirical studies examining students’ conflict management styles and psychological well-being remain limited, underscoring the urgency of context-specific research. This study aimed to identify the dominant conflict management styles and to map the strengths and weaknesses of psychological well-being dimensions among ninth-grade students at MTs An-Nuriyah, as a basis for educational and psychosocial intervention planning. A quantitative descriptive design was employed, involving 60 ninth-grade students selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a conflict management style questionnaire based on the Thomas–Kilmann model and a psychological well-being scale adapted from Ryff’s (1989) six-dimensional framework. The results indicated that avoiding (M = 3.85) and collaborating (M = 3.84) were the most dominant conflict management styles, followed by compromising and accommodating, while the competing style demonstrated the lowest mean score. The psychological well-being profile revealed strong dimensions in positive relations with others, personal growth, and environmental mastery, with relatively lower levels of autonomy and self-acceptance. These findings suggest that although students tend to adopt harmonious and cooperative approaches to conflict, they may experience limitations in independent decision-making and self-evaluation. Practically, the results highlight the need for school-based guidance and counselling programs that strengthen autonomy and self-acceptance while fostering assertive and constructive conflict management skills to support optimal psychological development during adolescence.

Identifikasi dan Pengelolaan Risiko Pelayanan Farmasi di Rumah Sakit: Studi Deskriptif

Defrika Muharani — 2026-02-27

Pharmacy services in hospitals are a vital component of healthcare systems, aiming to ensure the safe, rational, and efficient use of medicines. The increasing complexity of pharmacy operations elevates the likelihood of various risks in both clinical and operational domains. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the types of risks inherent in hospital pharmacy services and the corresponding risk management efforts based on empirical evidence. Findings reveal that medication errors are the most prevalent clinical risk, particularly during prescribing, preparation, and administration phases, potentially compromising patient safety and therapeutic outcomes. Operational risks also present significant challenges, as indicated by high levels of dead stock and expired medicines, reflecting weaknesses in forecasting and inventory control. Key contributing factors include limited human resources, suboptimal information systems, and high workload pressures. Additionally, barriers to incident reporting due to a punitive organizational culture hinder effective risk mitigation. Although the management of pharmaceutical risks is mandated by the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 72 of 2016, its implementation effectiveness remains constrained and demands improvement through integration of digital technologies, enhancement of pharmaceutical workforce competencies, and cultivation of a strong patient safety culture. These insights underscore the necessity for comprehensive strategies to foster pharmacy services that are safe, effective, and efficient.

Persepsi Penerimaan Diri dan Keterikatan Sosial: Pergeseran Penggunaan Bahasa Daerah pada Generasi Z di Wilayah Aceh Tengah

Yana Nazela Ilma — 2026-02-27

This study examines the meaning of self-acceptance and social belonging in the phenomenon of regional language shift among Generation Z in the Gayo region, Aceh Tengah. The declining use of the Gayo language among youth has been accelerated by globalization, modernization, digital media exposure, and the stigma that local languages are considered “outdated” in contemporary social interactions. Unlike previous sociolinguistic studies that emphasized structural and functional factors, this research adopts a psychological perspective by focusing on internal dynamics such as self-acceptance and social belonging. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study was conducted in Takengon, Aceh Tengah, involving three Generation Z participants aged 20–23 of Gayo ethnicity. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, behavioral observations, and documentation. Data analysis followed phenomenological procedures including horizonalization, theme clustering, and individual textural description. The findings reveal that although a functional shift toward Indonesian and foreign languages has occurred, participants generally demonstrate positive affective self-acceptance toward their ethnic identity. However, limited Gayo vocabulary and lack of fluency reduce their confidence when interacting with older native speakers, sometimes leading to feelings of inferiority or perceived out-group status in their own cultural setting. Social belonging among participants appears value-centric rather than linguistically centric, rooted in strong family ties and collective memory. Interestingly, digital Gayo-language content functions ambiguously: it strengthens symbolic belonging while simultaneously highlighting participants’ linguistic limitations. The study recommends the creation of safe linguistic spaces to support intergenerational language practice without judgment, fostering both self-acceptance and sustainable cultural continuity.

Validitas dan Reliabilitas Alat Ukur Self-Control pada Siswa Kecanduan Media Sosial

Ridna Shafira — 2026-02-27

This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of a self-control measurement instrument among senior high school students (SMA/MA) in Medan City. The need for a precise instrument arises from the high intensity of social media use among adolescents, which often leads to addictive behaviors and reduced self-regulation. This research represents the initial phase of a Research and Development (R&D) process, with a specific focus on psychometric evaluation of the instrument. The research subjects consisted of 50 students from grades X, XI, and XII, selected using a survey approach. Data were collected using a self-control scale comprising 12 statement items developed based on three dimensions, namely behavioral control, cognitive control, and decision control. Data analysis was conducted through validity testing using the Pearson Product Moment correlation technique and reliability testing using Cronbach’s Alpha. The validity test results indicated that 11 out of the 12 items met the validity criteria, with item-total correlation coefficients ranging from 0.312 to 0.684, exceeding the critical value of 0.279, while one item was found to be invalid. Furthermore, the reliability analysis produced a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.707, which falls within the acceptable reliability range. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the self-control scale demonstrates adequate item discrimination and internal consistency, making it suitable for use.

Komunikasi Inovasi dalam Membangun Daya Tarik Agrowisata Lembah Bambu Kuning di Desa Abung Jayo

Rama Buci Wiltar — 2026-02-27

The development of locally based agrotourism requires continuous innovation supported by strategic communication to ensure sustainable competitiveness. While previous studies have largely focused on tourism promotion strategies or community empowerment communication, limited research has specifically examined innovation communication in independently managed agrotourism through Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation framework. This study aims to analyze how innovation communication is constructed and diffused by the management of Lembah Bambu Kuning Agrotourism in Abung Jayo Village by emphasizing innovation attributes, communication channels, time, and the social system. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Informants included the owner, the social media manager, and five repeat visitors selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that innovation communication is not merely promotional but functions as a diffusion mechanism that shapes visitors’ knowledge, persuasion, and adoption stages. Digital platforms such as Instagram and TikTok serve as interactive communication channels that strengthen perceived relative advantage and observability of innovations through visual storytelling and live streaming. TikTok Live, in particular, enhances trialability and reduces uncertainty by enabling real-time clarification and engagement. Repeated exposure through algorithm-driven features such as the For You Page (FYP) accelerates awareness formation and influences visit decisions. However, minor discrepancies between online representations and on-site experiences highlight the importance of managing expectation congruence in innovation communication. Theoretically, this study extends Rogers’ diffusion of innovation perspective into the context of community-based agrotourism by demonstrating how digital interactivity reshapes diffusion processes in rural tourism settings. Practically, the findings offer strategic insights for small-scale tourism managers on designing adaptive, transparent, and participatory innovation communication to strengthen visitor trust and long-term sustainability.

Phenomenology Subjektif Well Being dan Kearifan Lokal pada Budaya Batak Suku Batak Toba Studi: Hamoraon, Hagabeon, Hasangapon

Sondang T. Silaban — 2026-02-27

This study explores the meaning of Subjective Well-Being (SWB) within the cultural context of the Batak Toba community, grounded in the values of Hamoraon (wealth), Hagabeon (descendants), and Hasangapon (honor). Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research examines the lived experiences of two middle-aged Batak Toba women who had been married for over fifteen years without male offspring. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, and analyzed using phenomenological stages including epoche, horizonalization, meaning clustering, and the development of textural and structural descriptions. Findings reveal that SWB in Batak Toba culture is not solely determined by personal satisfaction but strongly shaped by social recognition and adherence to collective cultural values. The absence of a male child is perceived as failure to fulfill Hagabeon, leading to anxiety, shame (maila), feelings of inadequacy, and withdrawal from customary social activities. Although both participants were economically stable, material sufficiency (Hamoraon) alone was insufficient to ensure well-being without lineage continuity and social honor. However, acceptance of destiny, spirituality, and kinship support within the Dalihan Na Tolu system functioned as sources of psychological resilience. The study critically highlights the limitations of material-centered definitions of well-being and emphasizes that, in this cultural context, relational and lineage-based recognition plays a central role in shaping subjective well-being.

Implementasi Kebijakan Pendistribusian Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) 3 Kilogram di Kecamatan Palu Barat Kota Palu

Juli Apryani — 2026-02-28

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 3-kilogram distribution policy in West Palu District, Palu City, using the Van Meter and Van Horn policy implementation model. The analysis focuses on six variables: policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational communication, characteristics of implementing organizations, implementer disposition, and social, economic, and political conditions. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that the implementation of the LPG 3-kilogram distribution policy in West Palu District has not been optimal. In terms of policy standards and objectives, the distribution remains poorly targeted, as subsidized LPG is more frequently accessed by middle- to upper-income households and retailers rather than low-income households. Resource-related constraints include limited personnel, weak supervision, and inconsistent application of safety equipment and quality control procedures. Inter-organizational communication is also inadequate, reflected in insufficient socialization and data inconsistencies within the Merchant Apps Pertamina (MAP), resulting in non–real-time recording of quotas and stock levels. Furthermore, many LPG bases do not fully comply with standard operating procedures, such as cylinder inspections and document verification, while variations in implementer compliance persist, including sales above the regulated price ceiling. Low public awareness regarding the intended beneficiaries of LPG 3 kilograms further exacerbates mistargeting. The study concludes that these issues are systemic and interconnected. Strengthening supervision, enforcing sanctions, improving digital data synchronization, enhancing implementer capacity, and intensifying public outreach are essential to ensure that LPG 3-kilogram subsidies reach their intended beneficiaries.

Ketidakadilan Gender dan Bentuk Perlawanan Tokoh Perempuan dalam Novel Malam Seribu Jahanam: Kajian Feminisme

Khofifah Rahmah — 2026-02-28

This study examines gender injustice and forms of resistance in Malam Seribu Jahanam by Intan Paramaditha using feminist literary criticism and Mansour Fakih’s framework of gender injustice. The research is motivated by the persistence of gender inequality in Indonesian society as reflected in literary works. It aims to identify forms of gender injustice and analyze how female characters respond to patriarchal domination. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on women’s oppression, this research highlights the representation of gender minorities beyond the male–female binary, particularly trans women, who are marginalized through moral stigma, social exclusion, and rejection from religious and social spaces. This perspective broadens feminist literary analysis by incorporating a more inclusive understanding of gender injustice. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method through close reading and thematic categorization of data. The findings reveal that gender injustice appears in interconnected forms, including marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, violence, and unequal workloads. However, female characters are portrayed not merely as victims but as agents who negotiate identity, assert autonomy, and resist patriarchal control.

Pemenuhan Hak Atas Makanan Bagi Warga Binaan Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Gunung Sugih Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Imigrasi dan Pemasyarakatan Nomor 1 Tahun 2025

Erlina B. — 2026-02-28

This study analyzes the fulfillment of the right to food for inmates as a human right in the Class IIB Gunung Sugih Correctional Institution based on the Regulation of the Minister of Immigration and Corrections Number 1 of 2025. The research method used is normative and empirical legal research. Through a legislative and conceptual approach and direct phenomena in the field. The results of the study indicate that although there is a strong constitutional guarantee for the provision of food for inmates based on the Regulation of the Minister of Immigration and Corrections Number 1 of 2025 concerning food standards for inmates, its implementation still faces gaps with field practices. The structural challenges identified include the problem of overcapacity of correctional institutions, disharmony in implementing regulations, limited human resources, and weak legal protection. This study recommends the need for regulatory harmonization, optimization of alternative sentencing, increasing the capacity of correctional officers, strengthening the monitoring system based on civil society participation and independent institutions to realize a just correctional system that respects human rights in accordance with the mandate of the constitution and international standards.

Konstruksi Realitas Media Online terhadap Isu Konservasi Gajah Sumatera: Analisis Framing Model Entman Pada Tempo.co dan Kompas.com

Agustina Widyawati — 2026-02-28

This study examines how online media shapes social reality related to Sumatran elephant conservation through news framing. Online media plays a strategic role in shaping public understanding of environmental and conservation issues, including conflicts between humans and wildlife involving endangered species. This study aims to analyze the framing of Sumatran elephant conservation issues in Tempo.co and Kompas.com using Robert N. Entman's framing model, which consists of problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and recommendations for action. This study uses a qualitative approach with framing analysis as the research method. This review analyzes 5 articles from Tempo.co and 5 articles from Kompas.com in the period July-December 2025. The results show that Tempo.co frames the issue of Sumatran elephant conservation as a structural ecological crisis that focuses on criticism of policies, deforestation, and weaknesses in government and corporate governance. In contrast, Kompas.com uses a socio-institutional approach that emphasizes technical rescue measures, the active role of conservation agencies, and the symbolic value of elephants as a national identity. These differences in framing show that online media actively construct reality rather than merely reflecting events. This study highlights the importance of critical media literacy in understanding environmental discourse in digital journalism.

Status Hukum Tanah Bekas Hak Guna Bangunan yang Tidak Diperpanjang dalam Perspektif Pemanfaatan Aset Negara (Studi Kasus Lahan Pelabuhan Sofifi)

Risky Herduiva Pradana — 2026-02-28

This research aims to analyze the control of former Building Use Right (Hak Guna Bangunan/HGB) land owned by PT. Darko Modul & Timber whose term has expired and was not extended according to the Indonesian land law framework, as well as to examine the legal construction required to provide legal certainty over the status of such land so that it may be utilized as a State Asset (State-Owned Property), with a case study of the Sofifi Port land. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a qualitative approach. Empirical legal research is conducted to examine the implementation of law in practice (law in action) by analyzing how land law regulations and state asset management norms are applied in reality. The data used in this research consist of primary data obtained through interviews with relevant stakeholders and secondary data derived from laws and regulations, court decisions, legal doctrines, and related legal literature. The results of this research indicate that the expiration of the Building Use Right without extension results in the termination of the right by operation of law, and consequently, the land reverts to land directly controlled by the state. This legal consequence is further affirmed by the Decision of the Soasio District Court Number 16/Pdt.G/2025/PN Sos, which declares that the rights of PT. Darko Modul & Timber over the disputed land have been extinguished and that the former Building Use Right Land Number 01 of 1985 constitutes state land. However, although the court decision has provided normative and judicial legal certainty, legal certainty from the perspective of land administration law has not yet been fully realized, as it has not been followed by administrative actions in the form of state land designation and registration of the land as State-Owned Property. Therefore, an integrative legal construction through land administration and state asset management mechanisms is required to ensure that the utilization of the land for public purposes, particularly as the Sofifi Port, is supported by clear legal status and provides legal protection for all parties involved.

Pencegahan Rabies di Bali melalui Pendekatan Sosio-Kultural: Perspektif Berbasis Komunitas

Meli Rizki Purwani — 2026-02-28

Rabies has remained a serious public health problem in Bali since the 2008 outbreak, despite widespread government interventions such as mass dog vaccination. However, program implementation faces obstacles such as low public awareness, the habit of letting dogs roam freely, and high birth rates. This study used a descriptive-qualitative approach through secondary data analysis from official reports, scientific publications, and health documents to examine the socio-cultural factors influencing rabies control in Bali. The findings indicate that top-down eradication programs have not fully accommodated the local cultural context, resulting in suboptimal program effectiveness. Involving traditional villages and respected community leaders has the potential to strengthen rabies prevention through Communication, Information, and Education (IEC) programs tailored to local socio-cultural characteristics. This strategy aligns with animal welfare principles through the promotion of responsible ownership, routine vaccination, and sterilization. Lessons learned from community-based rabies control practices in India and Thailand indicate that integrating local leadership can enhance program sustainability. The novelty of this study lies in its emphasis on socio-cultural integration into public health strategies, particularly in Bali, where traditional governance structures remain highly influential.

Efektivitas Program Rehabilitasi Sosial bagi Anak Jalanan di Kota Samarinda

Trisna Waty Riza Eryani — 2026-02-28

Street children are children aged 5–18 years who spend a significant portion of their time in public spaces, particularly on the streets. Samarinda, as the capital of East Kalimantan Province, continues to face complex social problems related to the presence of street children despite the existence of regulatory measures. Samarinda City Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2017 prohibits people from giving money to beggars, street children, and homeless individuals in public places. However, in practice, street children are still frequently found, especially at traffic intersections. This condition is influenced by several factors, including family economic pressure, limited rehabilitation facilities or shelters, and the influence of the street environment that encourages children to remain involved in street activities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the social rehabilitation program implemented by the Samarinda City Office of Social Affairs and Community Empowerment in improving the behavior and living conditions of street children. This research employed a qualitative method with an exploratory approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive data analysis model proposed by Matthew B. Miles, A. Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldana. The results show that the social rehabilitation program for street children in Samarinda is relatively effective. A total of 28 street children participated in vocational skills training such as welding, beauty services, cooking, and baking. These activities help change the mindset of street children and encourage them to engage in more productive activities. However, the program still faces several obstacles, including limited rehabilitation facilities, family economic pressure, and the influence of the street environment that often encourages children to return to street life.

Pengaruh Tenaga Kerja dan IPM Terhadap Pertumbuhan PDB Industri Manufaktur di Indonesia

Nisa Ul Fitria — 2026-02-28

The manufacturing industry has been considered the main driver of structural transformation in Indonesia, and economic growth is a key indicator of national development. Although the manufacturing industry contributes significantly to the national gross domestic product (GDP), there are a number of structural obstacles that hinder its growth. The most prominent of these are the mismatch between education and employment and the level of labor. The sustainability and competitiveness of the manufacturing industry are questionable due to its dependence on the quality of human resources. Therefore, this study analyzes the influence of labor and the Human Development Index (HDI) on the GDP of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with time series data from 1995 to 2024. The method used is Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to test long-term and short-term cointegration to capture imbalances towards the long term using Eviews 13. The results of this study indicate that the manufacturing industry workforce significantly affects manufacturing industry GDP growth in the long and short term, while HDI does not significantly affect manufacturing industry GDP growth in the long and short term. The error correction coefficient is negative and statistically significant at -0.619, indicating that approximately 61.9% of the short-term imbalance in the previous period is corrected in the current period of long-term equilibrium. This shows that industrial output is more responsive to production capacity (labor) than to aggregate human quality. Policy implications are more directed at optimizing industrial labor absorption in supporting manufacturing sector growth.

Menjaga Keseimbangan Emosional Santri: Tantangan Kesehatan Mental di Lingkungan Pondok Pesantren

Lusiana Lusiana — 2026-02-28

This study examines the urgency of maintaining emotional balance and mental health of students in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) characterized by a strict and highly disciplined system. The high dual pressure of academic obligations and religious standards, coupled with limited personal time and social isolation, can trigger ongoing stress and anxiety in students. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively describe the mental health challenges faced by students in Islamic boarding schools and provide constructive recommendations to improve their psychological well-being. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological study, where data are collected through in-depth interviews and participant observation at MA MILBoS, then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The discussion shows that Islamic boarding schools have developed emotional management through the synergy of the Religious Approach, the Coaching Approach, and the Professional Counseling Services already available at MILBoS. However, there are challenges in coaching due to the potential lack of clinical expertise of the mentors to handle serious mental problems. Conclusions and Implications emphasize that the mental health of students requires a holistic approach, and implementation is focused on optimizing and integrating the role of Professional Counselors with the coaching system. This is crucial to ensure that students not only excel academically and spiritually, but also possess strong emotional resilience and balance.

Evaluasi Strategi Pengembangan Pemasaran Berkelanjutan berbasis Kearifan Lokal Bagi Industri Rumahan Tempe Bungkus Daun Pisang

Dhiah Wahyu Nur Cahyani — 2026-02-28

The banana leaf wrapping tempeh home industry is a form of traditional food business that has economic, social, and cultural value, especially in rural areas. However, in the midst of increasing market competition and changes in people's consumption patterns, the industry faces various challenges, especially in terms of marketing and business sustainability. This research aims to evaluate the conditions of implementing marketing strategies, identify the application of local wisdom values, and formulate sustainable marketing development strategies based on local wisdom in the banana leaf wrapping tempeh home industry in Menadi Village, Pacitan. The results of the study show that the marketing strategy implemented has included elements of the marketing mix (product, price, distribution, and promotion), but it is still traditional and based on social relations. The values of local wisdom such as honesty, precision, mutual cooperation, and the use of banana leaves as natural packaging have been significantly integrated in marketing activities and become the advantages of product differentiation. The recommended sustainable marketing development strategy is an integrative strategy based on the principles of the Triple Bottom Line (profit, people, planet) by emphasizing strengthening local product identity, relational marketing, the use of eco-friendly packaging, and simple promotions based on stories and consumer experience. This strategy is considered to be able to increase business competitiveness without eliminating the traditional character and local cultural values that are the main identity of the tempeh home industry in Menadi Village.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Imunisasi Dasar dengan Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar Bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pacar Keling Surabaya

Maufiroh Risfin Andini — 2026-02-28

The aim of this research is to discuss the level of knowledge of mothers in Surabaya regarding complete basic immunization, and whether their knowledge is a factor that influences the completeness of basic immunization for babies. This research is a descriptive qualitative study, with data obtained through interviews with 2 mothers with babies and 1 health worker, namely a midwife. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results of the research show that the majority of babies in the Pacar Keling Community Health Center area have received complete basic immunization because mothers have good knowledge regarding immunization. This shows that maternal knowledge is a factor in fulfilling complete basic immunization for babies. However, immunization outreach has not been carried out as comprehensively as in seminars, only through Posyandu and Community Health Centers, so that mothers are reduced to only attending health facilities. There is a need for outreach in the form of seminars so that immunization education can be provided comprehensively to mothers in the Pacar Keling Community Health Center area with the hope of increasing the target of complete basic immunization for babies.

Tingkat Kehilangan Air Minum Perumda Air Minum Kota Palangka Raya dengan Neraca Air Wb-Easycalc dan Infrastructure Leakage Indeks (ILI)

Niam Bawa Waskita — 2026-02-28

As the entity responsible for managing the drinking water supply system in Palangka Raya City, Perumda Air Minum Kota Palangka Raya faces a critical challenge in addressing the high level of water losses. In 2022, the company reported a Non-Revenue Water (NRW) level of 49.81%. This figure substantially exceeds the national reduction target of 20%, thereby necessitating immediate intervention measures.The primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the Water Balance and to evaluate the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI), with the aim of providing recommendations and assessing the effectiveness of the water loss control programs implemented by Perumda Air Minum Kota Palangka Raya. The research methodology employs data analysis using the WB-EasyCalc application to derive NRW and ILI values. In 2023, the total distributed water volume was recorded at 5,593,863 m³, of which 2,807,589 m³ was billable. Based on the Water Balance calculation, the annual water loss amounted to 2,786,274 m³, equivalent to 49.81%. The ILI assessment yielded a value of 26.97, with an average daily pressure of 9.7 meters. This score places the utility within Category D, indicating severe inefficiency and excessive resource wastage, thus requiring urgent corrective measures. Recommendations for water loss control emphasize the need for systematic evaluation and enhancement of existing programs. Priority improvements include the establishment of District Metered Areas (DMA), the implementation of customer meter surveys and calibrations, and the strengthening of pressure management practices.

Perancangan Ulang Tata Letak Fasilitas Produksi Menggunakan Algoritma CORELAP dan CRAFT pada CV CTR

Dony Sastra Danuatmaja — 2026-02-28

In the Indonesian manufacturing industry, production efficiency is a key factor in improving company competitiveness, as a significant portion of operational costs originates from material handling activities. Inefficient facility layouts often result in long material flow distances, increased processing time, and high material handling costs. This study aims to optimize the facility layout of CV CTR, a manufacturing company producing ropes and threads, which currently experiences inefficient material flow due to improper departmental arrangement. The research applies a combination of the CORELAP (Computerized Relationship Layout Planning) algorithm and the CRAFT (Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique) method. CORELAP is used to construct an initial layout based on departmental closeness relationships, while CRAFT is employed to refine the layout through iterative department exchanges to minimize material handling costs. The results indicate that the proposed layout reduces the total Material Handling Cost (MHC) from Rp912,346.84 per day to Rp692,819.43 per day, achieving a 24% reduction. This confirms that the integration of CORELAP and CRAFT effectively improves material flow efficiency and reduces operational costs.

Analisis Pengaruh Ekspor, Inflasi dan Suku Bunga terhadap Nilai Tukar Mata Uang Rupiah periode 2016-2024

Eni Puji Estuti — 2026-02-28

Currency exchange rates are very important in an economy, this will affect many aspects both domestically and globally (the country's relationship with other countries). This study will focus on analyzing the influence of exports, inflation and interest rates on currency exchange rates. This study uses time series data from the period 2016-2024. Data is taken from the official website of BI and also the Ministry of Trade. The analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the export variable has a positive and significant effect on currency exchange rates. The inflation variable has a negative and significant effect on currency exchange rates. The interest rate variable has a positive and significant effect on currency exchange rates. These macroeconomic variables will play an important role so that the government and BI must be careful in determining monetary policy, so as to maintain the stability of the Rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar.

The Effect of Fraud Heptagon Framework on Fraudulent Financial Statements: Evidence from Energy Sector Companies

Laila Diah Septiana — 2026-02-28

Fraudulent financial statements pose a significant threat to the integrity of financial information and stakeholder trust, often reflecting unresolved agency conflicts between principals and agents. From an agency theory perspective, fraudulent reporting may arise when accounting-based monitoring mechanisms fail to constrain managerial behavior effectively. Using the fraud heptagon framework as an empirical proxy of monitoring weaknesses within agency relationships, this study analyzes the determinants of fraudulent financial statements. The population of this study comprises companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and classified in the energy sector based on the Thomson Reuters Business Classification in the Refinitiv database for the period 2020–2024. Purposive sampling was employed, resulting in 250 analysis units. Unbalanced panel data were analyzed using panel data regression with EViews 12. The results indicate that only certain fraud heptagon factors act as determinants of fraudulent financial statements, namely pressure and collusion, which exhibit a positive effect. In contrast, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance, and coercion do not significantly influence fraudulent financial statements. These findings suggest that several fraud heptagon elements are more closely related to behavioral characteristics and are not directly reflected in financial reporting data, highlighting the importance of effective accounting-based monitoring in mitigating agency conflicts.

Peluang dan Tantangan Penerapan Cyber Notary di Indonesia

Mega Meilani Reformisiane — 2026-02-28

This study aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities for implementing Cyber Notary in Indonesia using normative juridical legal research methods. This study uses various legal materials that produce new arguments and concepts. The results of this study analyze various challenges and opportunities for implementing Cyber Security in Indonesia by looking at the Notary Law and Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. It also analyzes whether it is possible to digitize authentic deeds that initially required physical presence to digital signatures and fingerprints. Notaries can utilize digital applications to store, manage, and validate documents electronically. This can increase productivity and reduce operational costs. Therefore, the implementation of Cyber Notary in Indonesia can support an effective and efficient public service process. To take advantage of some of the opportunities described above, a collaborative process or effort is needed between the government, notary associations, and other stakeholders. One of these is through education and socialization regarding Cyber Notary to build public trust. Furthermore, there are concerns regarding data security and the overall reach of Cyber Notary in Indonesia. The results of this study are crucial for supporting the gradual implementation of Cyber Notary in Indonesia.

Beban Sosial dan Tekanan Peran Tokoh Kaluna dalam Novel Home Sweet Loan

Helennisa Febrya — 2026-02-28

This study examines the social burden and role pressure experienced by the character Kaluna in Almira Bastari's work entitled Home Sweet Loan. The problems that arise are caused by an imbalance in the social roles that Kaluna must perform as a member of the sandwich generation, who has responsibilities not only for her personal needs but also for the demands of her family and social environment. The gap between social reality and cultural expectations reflects the structural pressures that influence the character's actions and decisions. The purpose of this study is to describe the social burdens and gender role pressures experienced by the character, as well as to interpret their social meaning from a literary sociology perspective. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with observation and recording techniques to collect data in the form of relevant quotations from the novel text. The findings of this study show that Kaluna faces pressures related to economics, family demands, and gender expectations that require her to perform roles in both the domestic and public spheres simultaneously. Gender role pressure arises through the demand to appear as an ideal woman, while social burdens arise from financial responsibilities and expectations of an unbalanced role. In conclusion, the novel Home Sweet Loan depicts the complexity of the lives of young women from the urban middle class who are trapped in demanding social structures, providing a realistic picture of social burdens and role pressures in modern society.

Analisis Komparatif Sentimen Publik terhadap Liputan Media Terkait Aksi Menteri Keuangan Menggunakan Algoritma SVM dan RoBERTa

Budi Santosa — 2026-02-28

Public opinion on social media is a crucial representation of government policy legitimacy, especially in the fiscal sector. This study intends to provide a comparative investigation of the efficacy of sentiment categorization on YouTube comments pertaining to the activities of the Indonesian Finance Minister by juxtaposing the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with the RoBERTa Transformer model. A total of 3,780 comments were acquired from national digital media channels. The research method involves intensive text preprocessing, including stemming using the Sastrawi algorithm and lexicon-based labeling. The results showed that the SVM algorithm with TF-IDF features achieved an accuracy of 83.33% and an F1-score of 76.05%. In contrast, the RoBERTa model showed a significantly lower performance with an accuracy of 29.76%. This study concludes that for datasets dominated by neutral sentiments and informal language in specific Indonesian contexts, traditional machine learning like SVM with optimal feature engineering remains more reliable and efficient than complex Transformer models that require more extensive fine-tuning.

Perlindungan Hukum Pelaku Usaha terhadap Ulasan Digital Menyesatkan: Rekonstruksi Tanggung Jawab Platform di Indonesia

Andriana Transnasional — 2026-02-28

The rapid development of the digital platform economy has transformed consumer decision-making patterns through online reviews as a primary source of information. However, the increasing prevalence of misleading digital reviews, including fake reviews facilitated by automation technologies and generative artificial intelligence, raises significant legal concerns, particularly regarding the protection of business actors. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the protection of business actors against misleading digital reviews and to evaluate the legal responsibility of digital platforms within Indonesia’s digital economic ecosystem. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches through the analysis of regulations related to electronic transactions, consumer protection, and platform liability, complemented by comparative international practices. The findings indicate that the existing national regulatory framework has not comprehensively regulated platform responsibility in moderating digital reviews and has not provided effective legal remedies for business actors. This condition creates an imbalance in legal relations among users, business actors, and platform providers. The study concludes that regulatory reconstruction is necessary through strengthening content moderation obligations, review verification mechanisms, and proportional platform liability to establish a fair and equitable digital economic ecosystem.