Perdagangan Manusia Bermodus Pekerjaan Ilegal: Nasib Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Kamboja

Abstract

Human trafficking through illegal employment is a form of labor exploitation that is increasingly prevalent, especially in Southeast Asia. Many Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) are deceived by promises of high-paying jobs abroad, particularly in Cambodia, but instead experience exploitation, forced labor, and even torture. This study aims to examine the causes, modus operandi, impacts, and prevention efforts of human trafficking through illegal employment. The research method used in this study is a literature review. The results indicate that the main factors causing PMI to become trapped in human trafficking are poverty, limited employment opportunities, low education, and minimal information regarding safe migration procedures. The modus operandi used by human trafficking syndicates includes recruitment by unofficial agents, document falsification, identity confiscation, threats of violence, and forced labor exploitation. The impact of human trafficking is extensive, both for victims and countries of origin. Human trafficking causes economic losses, damages international reputations, and increases security threats. Preventive efforts include public education, economic empowerment, strengthening regulations and law enforcement, and international cooperation. The government and relevant organizations need to tighten oversight of illegal labor agencies and provide maximum protection for migrant workers. Through collaboration from various parties, it is hoped that human trafficking cases can be minimized and the welfare of Indonesian migrant workers can be more assured.