NUSRA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Kontekstualisasi Nilai Budaya Hatulwikna (Gotong Royong) Dalam Pembelajaran Tematik Pada Kurikulum Merdeka: Studi Kasus Di Sekolah Dasar Di Sumba Barat

Daud Moma Bili — 2026-05-09

Education in Indonesia is currently directed toward improving contextual and character-based learning through the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. One approach that can be applied is the integration of local cultural values in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Hatulwikna cultural value (mutual cooperation) in thematic learning at an elementary school in West Sumba. This research used a qualitative case study design. The subjects of this study were the principal, teachers, and students. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that the Hatulwikna value has been implemented in the learning process through three stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. In the planning stage, the value has been integrated into learning objectives, although not explicitly written in teaching modules. In the implementation stage, the value is reflected through group work activities and collaborative interactions among students. In the evaluation stage, assessment has included attitudes and student participation, although it has not yet used specific instruments based on local cultural values. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the integration of Hatulwikna values in thematic learning can support the development of students’ character and create meaningful learning, although it still requires improvement in systematic planning and evaluation.

Reimagining Teacher Administrative Management: Studi Kasus Implementasi Sistem Terpadu 360 Berbasis Google Sites Di MI Al Ikhlas Parakan Jawa Tengah

Yoga Prada — 2026-05-09

The development of digital technology requires a transformation in teacher administration management that is more effective, efficient, and integrated, but in practice there are still many elementary schools that manage administration manually and separately so as to increase the workload of teachers. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Google Sites-based TERPADU 360 System in improving the effectiveness of teacher administration management at MI Al Ikhlas Parakan, Central Java.This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design involving 3 informants consisting of 1 head of madrasah and 2 classroom teachers selected through purposive sampling based on specific criteria, including direct involvement in administrative management, experience in using the system, and minimum one year of administrative experience. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive analysis model by Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, combined with data validation through triangulation of sources and techniques to ensure the credibility of findings. The results of the study show that the developed system is able to integrate all administrative components in one centralized platform, thereby improving time efficiency, ease of access, and data accuracy. In addition, the system has the characteristics of being simple, adaptive, and easy to use without requiring complex technical capabilities. The implementation of the system also has an impact on reducing the administrative burden of teachers so that they can increase the focus on learning activities. Thus, the Google Sites-based INTEGRATED 360 System has proven to be effective as an innovative model in the management of integrated and contextual teacher administration at the madrasah ibtidaiyah level.

Identifikasi Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Fisika Pada Materi Termodinamika Melalui Tes Diagnostik Four Tier Berbasis Web

Ina Yuliana — 2026-05-09

A deep understanding of physics concepts is essential for pre-service teachers, particularly in thermodynamics, which is inherently complex. This study aims to identify students’ misconceptions using a web-based four-tier diagnostic test. The research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive exploratory method involving 15 students from the Physics Education Program at Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha who had completed the Thermodynamics course. The research instrument consisted of 15 items designed to classify students’ responses into three categories: conceptual understanding, lack of understanding, and misconceptions. The results indicate that misconceptions remain prevalent in several thermodynamics subtopics, particularly the ideal gas law, the First Law of Thermodynamics, thermodynamic processes, and entropy. Most misconceptions were accompanied by high levels of confidence. Additionally, some students provided factually correct answers but demonstrated incorrect conceptual reasoning. These findings suggest that the conceptual understanding of pre-service physics teachers is not yet fully developed and highlight the importance of using diagnostic tests as a basis for designing more effective thermodynamics instruction.

Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik Berbasis Digital Di SMPN 7 Sijunjung

Refnawati Refnawati — 2026-05-15

This study aims to describe the implementation of digital-based academic supervision at SMPN 7 Sijunjung in improving teacher professionalism and learning quality. The study used a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, vice principal, teachers, and school staff. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that digital-based academic supervision was implemented systematically through the use of Microsoft Excel, Google Form, Google Drive, Google Meet, and Google Classroom. The implementation stages included pre-observation, classroom observation, and post-observation integrated with digital documentation. Supervision evaluation was conducted based on digital data to objectively identify teacher strengths and weaknesses. Obstacles faced included limited internet connection and variations in teachers' digital literacy. However, the school overcame these through training and mentoring in the use of digital technology. The research findings indicate that digital-based academic supervision can improve the effectiveness of supervision implementation, learning documentation, and teacher professional development on an ongoing basis.

Pengaruh Keberhasilan Sekolah Rintisan Google dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Mutu Sekolah Di SMP Negeri Se-Kabupaten Dharmasraya

Leni Oktawira — 2026-05-15

This study aimed to determine the influence of Google Reference School Success and transformational leadership on school quality at public junior high schools in Dharmasraya Regency. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population consisted of 101 teachers and educational staff from schools implementing the Google Reference School program, while 81 respondents were selected using Simple Random Sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires on Google Reference School Success, transformational leadership, and school quality. Data analysis employed multiple linear regression analysis after fulfilling classical assumption tests. The results showed that Google Reference School Success and transformational leadership simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on school quality. Partially, transformational leadership had a more dominant contribution to improving school quality. The coefficient of determination indicated that both variables contributed significantly to the improvement of educational quality in the digital era. These findings emphasize that digital transformation supported by visionary leadership is an important factor in creating sustainable school quality improvement.

Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mengembangkan Kompetensi Profesional Guru Di SD Islam Al Muttaqin Kota Sawahlunto

Nurmaningsih Yani — 2026-05-15

This study analyzes how transformational leadership practiced by the principal contributes to the development of teachers' professional competence at SD Islam Al Muttaqin Sawahlunto. The study employed a qualitative case-study design because it sought to understand leadership practices in their natural school context. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis involving the principal, teachers, and a school mentoring stakeholder selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model through data condensation, coding, categorization, theme construction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the principal developed teachers' professional competence through four interrelated transformational leadership practices: idealized influence was reflected in role modeling, discipline, and consistency in school values; inspirational motivation appeared in the strengthening of a shared vision and collective work commitment; intellectual stimulation was shown through teacher reflection forums, learning innovation, and the use of digital media; and individualized consideration was realized through personal mentoring, differentiated coaching, and support for teacher professional development. The study contributes a contextual model of transformational leadership in an Islamic elementary school, showing that professional competence develops more effectively when leadership combines exemplary conduct, collaborative motivation, reflective innovation, and personal assistance. These findings imply that principals need to act not only as administrators but also as learning leaders who build a sustainable professional culture among teachers.

Implementasi Total Quality Management (Tqm) Di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Kabupaten Dharmasraya

Apriyenti Apriyenti — 2026-05-15

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in improving the quality of educational management at the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School in Dharmasraya Regency. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies with five key informants consisting of the foundation's leadership, the principal, the vice principal, and teachers. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions using a thematic analysis approach. The results showed that TQM implementation was carried out through three main stages, namely participatory vision and mission-based quality planning, program implementation based on the involvement of all stakeholders, and continuous evaluation using the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle. The main supporting factors include leadership commitment, religious culture, and effective organizational coordination, while inhibiting factors include limited human resources and understanding of the concept of quality. These findings indicate that the implementation of TQM based on Islamic values is able to improve the quality of education holistically, both in academic aspects and the formation of student character.

Manajemen Perubahan Kepala Madrasah Sebagai Inovator Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Di MTS Muhammadiyah Tanjung Ampalu Kabupaten Sijunjung

Miftahul Marsena — 2026-05-15

This study analyzes the change management practices of the madrasah principal as an innovator in improving educational quality at MTs Muhammadiyah Tanjung Ampalu, Sijunjung Regency. The study was motivated by the madrasah's initial condition as an institution facing a negative public stigma and declining community interest. A qualitative case study design was employed from July to September 2025. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis involving eight key informants consisting of the principal, vice principal, teachers, and madrasah committee members. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana through coding, categorization, theme development, data display, and conclusion drawing. Trustworthiness was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings reveal a change management pattern that integrates Lewin's three stages with four dimensions of educational quality: input, process, output, and outcome. At the unfreezing stage, the principal acted as a quality gatekeeper by reconstructing admission standards, strengthening teacher linearity, and prioritizing digital facilities. At the moving stage, the principal developed a hybrid innovation model that combined digital learning, tahfizh programs, literacy activities, and humanistic supervision to reduce resistance. At the refreezing stage, the change was institutionalized through social branding, in which student achievements and religious roles in the community became evidence of quality improvement. The scientific contribution of this study lies in the formulation of a contextual madrasah change management model that connects quality gatekeeping, hybrid innovation, and social branding as a strategy for restoring public trust. The study implies that madrasah principals need to manage change not only through administrative reform, but also through cultural transformation, community engagement, and sustainable quality institutionalization.

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Visioner Kepala Sekolah dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Guru MIPA Di SMAN Se- Kabupaten Dharmasyraya

Rinny S — 2026-05-15

Teacher productivity is a key factor in improving the quality of secondary education. However, various challenges such as low instructional innovation, administrative delays, and limited professional engagement remain prevalent among science teachers. This study aims to analyze the influence of visionary leadership of school principals and organizational commitment on the productivity of science teachers in public senior high schools in Dharmasraya Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The population consisted of 104 science teachers from 16 public senior high schools, with a sample of 83 teachers selected using cluster random sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression using SPSS. The results indicate that visionary leadership has a positive but not statistically significant effect on teacher productivity (p > 0.05). In contrast, organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence teacher productivity with a coefficient of determination of 56.1%. These findings highlight that organizational commitment is the most dominant factor influencing teacher productivity.

Internalisasi Profesionalisme Guru Melalui Program Asistensi Mengajar: Evaluasi Kesiapan Etika Dan Kinerja Mahasiswa Calon Pendidik

Munawir Munawir — 2026-05-17

This research aims to analyze the internalization of teacher professionalism among prospective teachers through the teaching assistance program. Teacher professionalism is a key factor in improving educational quality, requiring early preparation during higher education. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using a literature study method. Data were collected from relevant scientific sources, including journal articles and books, and analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the teaching assistance program plays a significant role in shaping students’ professionalism through direct school experience. Furthermore, students’ ethical readiness and teaching performance improved, particularly in responsibility, discipline, teaching skills, and interaction with students. Therefore, the program contributes to preparing prospective teachers to become professional educators.

Penguatan Keterampilan Problem Solving Melalui Model PBL Pada Sistem Perawatan Permesinan Kapal

Taruna Taruna — 2026-05-17

Problem-solving skills are essential competencies for maritime engineering students, particularly in the field of ship machinery maintenance. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in enhancing students’ problem-solving abilities in the Ship Machinery Maintenance Systems course at Politeknik Negeri Medan. A quantitative approach employing a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was utilized, involving 62 students divided into an experimental group (n = 31, PBL) and a control group (n = 31, conventional instruction). The research instrument consisted of a 20-item problem-solving test encompassing four key indicators: problem identification, formulation of alternative solutions, solution implementation, and evaluation and verification. Data were analyzed using normalized gain (N-Gain) scores and independent sample t-tests. The experimental group achieved a posttest mean of 84.52 (SD = 6.73) with an N-Gain of 0.74 (high category), significantly outperforming the control group, which obtained a mean of 71.38 (SD = 7.21) and an N-Gain of 0.43 (medium category). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups (t(60) = 7.82, p < 0.001). Among the assessed indicators, problem identification demonstrated the highest improvement (N-Gain = 0.78), while evaluation and verification showed the lowest gain (N-Gain = 0.68). These findings indicate that PBL is considerably more effective than conventional teaching methods in fostering problem-solving competencies in ship machinery maintenance

Efektivitas Media Journey Board Game Terhadap Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Siswa Pada Pendidikan Pancasila Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

Fahmi Maria Ulfa — 2026-05-18

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Journey Board Game media on fourth-grade students’ critical thinking skills in Pancasila Education. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 69. Students were divided into experimental and control groups. Data was collected through multiple-choice tests based on indicators of critical thinking. In addition, observations were conducted to examine students’ engagement during the learning process. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests for normality, homogeneity. The findings revealed that the data were distributed normally and homogeneous with a significance value of 0.578 > 0.05. Hypothesis testing revealed a significant difference between the two groups with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.006 < 0.05, indicating that H₀ was rejected and Hₐ was accepted. Therefore, the Journey Board Game media is effective in improving students’ critical thinking skills, strengthening conceptual understanding, and fostering a more active, interactive, engaging, and student-centered learning environment. This media also providesmeaningful learning experiences and encourages students to be actively involved in the learning process

Evaluasi Program Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) Di Sekolah

Gus Nafi Unnur Hasan — 2026-05-19

One of the policy strategies in the field of education is the Strengthening Character Education Program (PPK), which aims to develop students who possess strong character, noble morals, and personalities aligned with the values of Pancasila. This study aims to highlight how the PPK program is implemented in schools and to examine the evaluation models used. This research employs a qualitative approach with a library research design, using documentation study as the data collection method and content analysis techniques, along with a conceptual approach to obtain a comprehensive understanding. The findings indicate that integrating PPK into intracurricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular activities has been relatively effective. Students have begun to demonstrate character values such as religiosity, discipline, responsibility, and cooperation in their behavior. However, several challenges remain as obstacles in its implementation. In addition, the evaluation reveals that monitoring and evaluation processes have not yet been conducted systematically and consistently. Therefore, this study proposes five models that can be utilized for evaluating PPK programs in schools, namely: (1) CIPP Model; (2) Kirkpatrick Model; (3) Countenance Model; (4) Goal-Oriented Model; and (5) Discrepancy Model (Provus). With the existing supporting factors, the PPK program contributes to steering education toward a more integrative direction. This is because the PPK program promotes a shift in educational paradigms from a sole focus on academic achievement toward a more holistic approach; it supports curriculum and instructional development; fosters a conducive school culture and environment; and strengthens collaboration among schools, families, and communities

Peran Guru Kelas Mengatasi Bullying Verbal Di Sekolah Dasar Inpres Ndona III Kabupaten Ende

Berty Sadipun — 2026-05-19

The purpose of the research based on the problem formulation above is: "To find out the role of class teachers in overcoming verbal bullying at SDI Ndona. The problem of this research is what are the roles of class teachers in overcoming verbal bullying at SDI III Ndona. This research method is qualitative, with data collection used namely interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis used is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that class teachers play a role in overcoming verbal bullying in various ways according to the role of teachers in schools, namely: 1) As teachers, teachers play a role by integrating anti-bullying values in learning. 2) As educators, teachers play a role through role models and character building. 3) As mentors, teachers play a role with a counseling and collaboration approach

Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Membangun Pemahaman Iddah Bagi Perempuan Yang Hamil Pra Nikah: Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Ngawi Jawa Timur

Rafiqa Nora Elfiana — 2026-05-20

This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping the understanding of iddah among women experiencing premarital pregnancy in Ngawi District, East Java. This research employs a qualitative field research design with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that PAI plays a significant role in improving the understanding of iddah; however, its implementation is not yet optimal due to low public awareness and strong socio-cultural influences. Persuasive and empathetic approaches are found to be more effective in helping women understand and practice the obligation of iddah

Pengaruh Model Self-Regulated Learning Berbantuan Media Educaplay Terhadap Scientific Thinking Skill dan Disiplin Diri Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Musonah Musonah — 2026-05-20

This study analyzed the effect of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) supported by Educaplay on elementary school students' scientific thinking skills and self-discipline, and examined the relationship between the two variables. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design. The population consisted of fourth-grade elementary students in the Dwijo Utomo cluster, Kemranjen District, Banyumas Regency. The sample involved two schools: an experimental class (n=17) and a control class (n=15). Data were collected through a scientific thinking skills test, self-discipline observation sheets, and documentation, and analyzed using normality and homogeneity tests, independent sample t-test, simple linear regression, and Pearson correlation. The findings showed that the experimental class obtained a higher posttest mean score in scientific thinking skills (88.88) than the control class (71.67), with a significant difference (p=0.000). The experimental class also showed a higher mean score in self-discipline (89.59) than the control class (74.47), with a significant difference (p=0.000). Regression analysis indicated that SRL supported by Educaplay had a positive and significant effect on scientific thinking skills (B=3.810; β=0.663; p=0.000) and self-discipline (B=3.065; β=0.681; p=0.000). In addition, a significant positive relationship was found between scientific thinking skills and self-discipline in the experimental class (r=0.665; p=0.004). These findings confirm that integrating SRL with Educaplay is effective in simultaneously developing elementary students' cognitive and affective outcomes.

Developing Islamic Digital Storybooks to Foster Honesty Character in Early Childhood

Ahmad Syukron — 2026-05-21

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an Islamic digital storybook in fostering honesty character among early childhood learners aged 5–6 years. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The study involved 18 children from Group B at PG-TK Al Muslim Bekasi. Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that the developed media achieved a validity score of 88.30%, categorized as highly feasible. The practicality test also indicated that the media was highly practical for classroom implementation. Furthermore, the effectiveness test demonstrated a significant improvement in children’s honesty character, as reflected by the increase in pre-test and post-test scores and an N-Gain value of 0.65, categorized as moderate-to-high improvement. The findings indicate that the Islamic digital storybook is valid, practical, and effective in strengthening honesty character among early childhood learners. Therefore, this media can serve as an innovative Islamic-based digital learning resource for character education in early childhood settings.

Pengaruh Metode SAS (Struktural Analitik Sintetik) Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Siswa Kelas II Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Di Mis An-Nazmaiyah

Wanda Amelia Purba — 2026-05-21

This study examines the effect of the Structural Analytical Synthetic (SAS) method on the writing skills of second-grade students in Indonesian language learning at MIS An-Nazmaiyah. Writing is one of the important and fundamental language skills, but in reality many second-grade students still show low writing skills, especially in forming simple sentences with correct spelling. This study aims to determine whether the application of the SAS method has a significant effect on students' initial writing skills. This study uses a quantitative approach with a One Group Pretest–Posttest design, involving 25 second-grade students selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were obtained through a writing assessment rubric that includes aspects of letter clarity, spelling accuracy, coherence between sentences, suitability to the object discussed, appropriate word use, and neatness of writing. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics, namely by conducting the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, followed by a Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed that the average student score increased from 53.18 in the pretest to 74.52 in the posttest. The results of the Paired Sample T-Test produced a t-value of 8.291 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, so H₀ was rejected. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the SAS method has a significant influence on the writing skills of class II students of MIS An-Nazmaiyah and is proven to be effective as an alternative method for learning Indonesian at the elementary madrasah level.

Pengaruh Media Augmented Reality dan Power Point Terhadap Hasil Belajar Sejarah di SMA Negeri 11 Kupang

Samuel Hendriko Selan — 2026-05-21

Due to low learning outcomes (60% of students below the Minimum Competency (KKM) of 75) brought on by the predominance of traditional lecture methods, the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of PowerPoint and Augmented Reality (AR) on the history learning outcomes of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 11 Kupang. By using a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design, the population of 75 eleventh-grade students was divided into two groups, each consisting of 25 students, using cluster random sampling: experimental (AR) and control (PowerPoint). Examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Levene's homogeneity test, independent t-test (SPSS), and N-Gain test. In terms of inter-group improvement, the experimental group showed better performance than the control group (pretest 60.4→posttest 83.6; gain 23.2; N-Gain 0.59, moderate), while the control group showed lower improvement (pretest 59.8 → posttest 74.2; gain 14.4; N-Gain 0.36, moderate). The independent t-test results showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.000 < 0.05). In conclusion, augmented reality is advised for secondary school since it is more successful than PowerPoint at enhancing comprehension, motivation, and participation in history learning.

Classroom Climate in Remote Schools: Inhibiting Factors and Pedagogical Solutions Through Formative Assessment and Contextual Learning

Rince Jalla Wabang — 2026-05-22

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that hinder the classroom climate in remote schools and to explore formative assessment and contextual learning as pedagogical solutions. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing various relevant scientific sources regarding classroom climate, remote schools, formative assessment, and contextual learning. The outcomes of the study indicate that barriers to classroom climate in remote schools include limited educational resources, a shortage of teaching staff, students’ socioeconomic conditions, inadequate school physical environments, as well as socio-cultural issues and school governance. These barriers outcome in low student engagement, suboptimal learning interactions, and a weak conducive learning atmosphere. The connection of resources to learners’ real-life events as well as settings is contextual learning, and this study also shows how formative assessment is useful for teachers to continuously identify student needs, achievements, and obstacles that may challenge the students' learning. Hence, formative assessment and contextual learning can be considered as two complementary pedagogic solutions in establishing a more adaptive, participatory and meaningful classroom climate at remote schools.

Model Integrasi Pembelajaran Orang Dewasa dalam Pendidikan Kesetaraan: Studi pada PKBM Kedondong

Muhammad Rizki — 2026-05-22

This study aims to analyze the implementation of andragogy principles in the Learning of the Package C Equality Program at Community Learning Centers (Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat Kedondong/PKBM Kedondong). The method used in this study is a qualitative method in order to adjust to the purpose of this research, which is to examine more deeply how to apply the principle of andragogy in the Package C Equality Program at PKBM Kedondong. The techniques used in collecting data were interviews with informants of Package C Equality Education Tutors, residents studying Package C Equality Education, and PKBM Kedondong managers. Data analysis techniques use Data Reduction, Data Presentation, and Conclusion Drawn. Data validity checks are carried out using triangulation techniques and sources. The results of the study show that the implementation of the principle of andragogy in the Package C Equality Education Program at PKBM Kedondong has gone well and is in accordance with the characteristics of adult students. The principle of need-to-know is applied to know what adult learners need. Self-Concept is the active involvement of adult learners in the learning process. Experience as a Learning Resource is used as a discussion material during the learning process. Learning Readiness is applied to conduct mapping in order to find out the ability and how ready adult students are to learn. A Learning Orientation Centered on Real problems that adult learners are facing. And Internal Motivation is applied as a reference for educators to maintain the motivation and enthusiasm for learning of adult students.

The Challenge Of Character Education In The Midst Of The Tension Between Educational Idealism And Social Reality

Febriona Maharani Ariqah — 2026-05-22

Character education is a fundamental aspect of the educational process, aiming to shape students who are not only intellectually superior but also possess moral, social, and spiritual integrity. However, in practice, character education faces various challenges stemming from the tension between educational idealism and evolving social realities. This article aims to critically examine the challenges of character education amidst contemporary social dynamics through a literature review approach. Fifteen national and international journal articles were analyzed using content analysis methods to identify patterns, findings, and key issues related to the implementation of character education. The study results indicate that character education still tends to be normative and institutional, while the social realities of students, influenced by their family environment, community, and digital media, often align with the values taught in schools. This tension leads to value dissonance and weakens the process of character internalization. This article emphasizes that character education needs to be understood as a social process that is dialectical, contextual, and adaptive to social change, so as not to become trapped in normative idealism that is difficult to realize in educational practice

Pengaruh Computational Thinking Based Learning Berbantuan Scratch Terhadap Computational Thinking Skills dan Persistence Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Wanda Nugroho Yanuarto — 2026-05-22

This study examined the effect of Computational Thinking-Based Learning (CTBL) assisted by Scratch on elementary school students' computational thinking skills and persistence, and analyzed the relationship between these two variables. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design was employed. The research involved elementary school students in the selected research site, consisting of one experimental class and one control class. The experimental class learned mathematics through CTBL assisted by Scratch, while the control class received conventional instruction using teacher explanation and written exercises. Data were collected using a computational thinking skills test, persistence observation sheet, and documentation. Data analysis included validity and reliability testing of instruments, normality and homogeneity tests, independent sample t-test, simple linear regression, and Pearson correlation. The findings showed that CTBL assisted by Scratch had a positive effect on students' computational thinking skills and persistence. The learning process encouraged students to decompose problems, recognize patterns, design algorithms, and revise solutions through debugging activities. It also helped students maintain effort when facing difficult tasks. A positive relationship was found between computational thinking skills and persistence, indicating that cognitive problem-solving processes and learning endurance can develop together when students are involved in project-based Scratch activities. These findings suggest that CTBL assisted by Scratch can be considered as a contextual learning alternative for elementary mathematics, especially when teachers aim to strengthen both thinking skills and learning character.

Implementasi Pendekatan Deep Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SDN Karangasem 1

Sri Lestari — 2026-05-22

The importance of improving the quality of Indonesian language instruction in elementary schools has led to the adoption of more innovative and contextual deep learning approaches. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the deep learning approach in Indonesian language instruction using infographic materials in elementary schools and to analyze its impact on the development of students’ competencies. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design conducted at SD Negeri Karangasem 1. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively to depict the learning process in depth. The results indicate that the implementation of the deep learning approach in infographic-based materials unfolds through learning stages emphasizing meaningful understanding, mindful learning, and a joyful learning environment. This process encourages students to actively understand, analyze, and present information in the form of simple infographics. Furthermore, this learning approach has led to improvements in students’ literacy skills, critical thinking, creativity, and independent learning. The study’s conclusion indicates that the deep learning approach is effective in supporting more active, meaningful, and competency-oriented Indonesian language learning for elementary school students.

Integrasi Learning Management System (LMS) dan Pendekatan Deep Learning dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMK Negeri 1 Langgudu

Sunardin — 2026-05-22

This study aims to describe the implementation of Islamic Religious Education using a Learning Management System (LMS) integrated with a deep learning approach and to analyze its impact on students’ active participation, conceptual understanding, engagement, and motivation to learn. This study employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the integration of LMS and deep learning fosters more active, interactive, and meaningful learning. Student engagement increases through participation in online discussions and the willingness to express opinions, while conceptual understanding develops through the ability to connect course material to real-life situations and the analysis of case studies. Furthermore, student engagement and learning motivation also improved, as evidenced by independent access to the LMS, active participation, and enthusiasm in following the lessons. In conclusion, the integration of the LMS and the deep learning approach has a positive impact on the quality of the Islamic Education learning process at SMK 1 Langgudu.

Eksplorasi Self Efficacy Peserta Didik SMA pada Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah: Studi Deskriptif Terbatas

Ita Yuliastuti — 2026-05-22

This study aims to explore the initial profile of high school students’ self-efficacy in Biology learning, particularly on the topic of the human circulatory system. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, involving 36 eleventh-grade students from a public senior high school in Tasikmalaya City selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument consisted of a self efficacy questionnaire that had been validated by experts and developed based on Bandura’s theory, encompassing three main dimensions: level, magnitude, and strength. The instrument comprised 45 items measured using a 0–100 scale. The findings revealed that students’ self efficacy was categorized as moderate, with an overall percentage of 74%. Specifically, the magnitude and strength dimensions each reached 74%, while the generality dimension attained 76%. These results indicate that students possess a relatively adequate level of self confidence; however, it has not yet been fully optimized in dealing with complex learning tasks. Lower levels of self efficacy were also reflected in limited confidence, a high dependence on teachers, and low active participation in the learning process. Therefore, instructional innovations are needed to enhance students’ active engagement, such as the integration of computational thinking approaches and the use of virtual laboratories. This study provides important implications for the development of instructional strategies that not only emphasize cognitive achievement but also strengthen students’ affective aspects

Analisis Profesionalisme Guru dalam Mengembangkan Kurikulum Modifikasi Pembelajaran di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Muttaqin Sadang

Berliane Salsabila Hartono Putri — 2026-05-22

This study aims to analyze teachers’ professionalism in developing a modified curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Muttaqin Sadang and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive research design. The research subjects include the school principal and teachers selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis utilized the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that teachers’ professionalism falls into the “good” category, as evidenced by their mastery of pedagogical, professional, social, and personal competencies. Teachers are able to plan, implement, and evaluate learning adaptively. The development of a modified curriculum is carried out through adjustments to learning materials, methods, media, and evaluation. Supporting factors include support from the madrasah principal and teacher motivation, while inhibiting factors include limited training, administrative burdens, and differences in student abilities. The implications of this study indicate that enhancing teacher professionalism through continuous training is essential to support the development of a more effective and inclusive curriculum

Analisis Buku Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas IV Edisi 2021 dan Edisi Revisi 2023 Kurikulum Merdeka Berdasarkan Kelayakan Buku BNSP Menggunakan Genre Based Approach

Sectio Firdaus — 2026-05-24

Indonesia’s education system is undergoing a significant transformation through the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka, which necessitates comprehensive adjustments to instructional tools by both the government and educators. A crucial element in this transition is the availability of relevant and high-quality teaching materials. Therefore, continuous evaluation of textbook feasibility is essential to ensure effective teaching and learning processes in schools.This study aims to evaluate and compare the feasibility of Grade IV Indonesian language core textbooks in the Kurikulum Merdeka, specifically between the 2021 initial edition and the 2023 revised edition. The evaluation is based on the standards set by the National Education Standards Agency (BSNP), covering four key aspects: content, presentation, language, and graphics. Additionally, the analysis incorporates the pedagogical framework of the Genre-Based Approach (GBA). This research employs a descriptive qualitative design, using documentation study as the primary data collection method. The research instruments were validated by subject-matter and language experts, achieving average scores of 3.63 and 3.25, both categorized as “Very Good”. The findings indicate that the 2021 edition is generally less feasible due to limitations in differentiation features, less coherent instructional transitions, and dense visual layouts. In contrast, the 2023 revised edition demonstrates notable improvements, including better alignment with Learning Outcomes (Capaian Pembelajaran), more systematic implementation of GBA stages, and a more ergonomic and inclusive design. In conclusion, the 2023 revised edition is a higher-quality and more adaptive instructional resource that better meets the demands of the national curriculum

Efektivitas Model Cooperative Learning Tipe STAD dan Contextual Teaching and Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPAS Siswa Sekolah Dasar: Systematic Literatur Review

Dea Ayu Angraini — 2026-05-24

This study analyzes and compares the effectiveness of the Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) model with Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in improving elementary school students science learning outcomes. The research gap in this study arises from a lack of teaching innovation due to students low concentration and conceptual understanding of abstract science material, coupled with the need for a comprehensive literature synthesis to determine the advantages of these two models over conventional methods. This research focuses on elementary students cognitive learning outcomes, engagement, and collaboration skills. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was employed as the primary research method. Findings indicate that both STAD and CTL significantly. improve student learning outcomes, STAD excels in fostering group accountability through a team progress point system, while CTL strengthens memory retention by connecting content to real-life contexts. This study offers strategic implications for educators to choose STAD to stimulate healthy competitive motivation or CTL to deepen contextual understanding, thereby optimizing the quality of sustainable elementary science education

The Development of Interactive Learning Media for Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Based on Project-Based Learning to Enhance Students Decision Making Skills

Rubbayyi Shaffiyyah — 2026-05-24

This study aims to develop and design interactive learning media based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in the field of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) to enhance students’ decision-making skills. The development of this media is specifically intended to train decision-making abilities, as in the context of OSH, students are required not only to possess adequate knowledge but also to make appropriate decisions in high-risk situations. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D development model, which consists of the define, design, development, and disseminate stages. The product developed is a web-based interactive learning media using the Genially platform, incorporating simulation scenarios of construction project conditions. The learning media is integrated with the Project-Based Learning model, which is expected to improve student engagement, critical thinking skills, and decision-making abilities.

Keywords: Interactive media, Project-based learning, decision making, occupational safety and health

Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Kayla Hajar Zahira — 2026-05-24

Students’ mathematics learning outcomes are influenced not only by academic ability but also by other factors such as emotional intelligence and learning motivation. However, these two factors are often overlooked in the mathematics learning process in schools. This study aims to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and learning motivation, examining both partial and simultaneous effects on students’ mathematics learning outcomes. A correlational method was used in this study, employing a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques included a questionnaire to measure emotional intelligence and learning motivation, as well as documentation to obtain data on students’ mathematics learning outcomes. The instrument consisted of a questionnaire using a 1–4 Likert scale. The results indicate that there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and mathematics learning outcomes, a relationship between learning motivation and mathematics learning outcomes, and a simultaneous relationship between both factors and students’ mathematics learning outcomes. This study implies that teachers and schools are expected to pay closer attention to students’ emotional and motivational aspects in mathematics learning to improve learning outcomes.

Model Pendidikan Non-Formal pada Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba di Kelurahan Air Hitam: Studi pada Program Kelurahan Bersinar

Chantika Riski Ananda — 2026-05-24

This study aims to analyze the community-based education model on the implementation of the Shining Village Program in an effort to prevent drug abuse in Air Hitam Village. The method used in this study is a qualitative method to in-depth examine the process of program implementation in the community. The data collection technique was carried out through document studies and evaluation using the Self-Resilience Index (DEKTARI) questionnaire filled out by adolescent program participants. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that the implementation of the Shining Village Program is carried out through three main stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. The planning stage is carried out through the identification of needs and determination of target areas based on the drug trafficking vulnerability index. The implementation stage is carried out through the formation of peer youth groups, socialization activities about the dangers of drugs, and training classes such as public speaking to improve communication skills and adolescent resilience. The evaluation stage was carried out through filling out the Self-Resilience Index questionnaire (DEKTARI) to find out the level of self-resilience of adolescents in rejecting drug abuse. Thus, the Shine Village Program based on community education can be an effective effort to increase awareness, knowledge, and the active role of adolescents in the prevention of drug abuse in the community.

Pengaruh Pendekatan Humanistik Guru Terhadap Motivasi Intrinsik Belajar Sejarah Siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Cipongkor

Eriwan Pratama — 2026-05-24

History learning in schools is often still teacher-centered, leading to passive student participation and low intrinsic motivation, this study investigates the effect of a humanistic teaching approach on students’ intrinsic motivation in learning history. A mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design was employed, in which quantitative data were collected and analyzed in the initial stage, followed by qualitative data to provide deeper explanations of the findings. The study was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Cipongkor, involving 148 eleventh-grade students selected proportionally from a population of 235 students. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires, supported by interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that the humanistic teaching approach has a positive and statistically significant effect on students’ intrinsic motivation. The analysis shows a moderate positive relationship, indicating that improvements in the implementation of humanistic teaching are associated with increased levels of students’ intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the humanistic approach contributes meaningfully to students’ motivation, although other factors beyond this study also play a role. Qualitative findings further reveal that students are more motivated when teachers demonstrate empathy, provide autonomy, and create supportive and interactive learning environments. In conclusion, the humanistic teaching approach plays an important role in enhancing students’ intrinsic motivation in learning history. However, other contributing factors should also be considered, highlighting the need to integrate humanistic principles with other instructional strategies.

Pembelajaran Menggunakan Modul Elektronik Berbasis Kontruktivisme Pada Jenjang Pendidikan Tinggi

Badrus Sholeh — 2026-05-24

The digitisation of education, particularly the creation of digital learning resources in the form of electronic modules, is one approach to adapting to the changes brought about by technological breakthroughs. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of constructivism-based electronic module learning at the higher education level. A literature review methodology was employed in this study. Articles published between 2020 and 2026 were used as data sources. The results of the study indicate that learning at the higher education level using constructivism-based electronic modules has the following effects: 1) Enhancing learning autonomy, 2) Increasing student motivation, 3) Improving understanding of abstract concepts, 4) Improving student learning outcomes, and 5) Increasing engagement in learning.

Keywords: learning, electronic modules, constructivism theory, higher education

Development of Augmented Reality-Based Flashcard Learning Materials to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skills in the Human Body Systems Curriculum

Alfina Alfina — 2026-05-25

21st-century education demands the use of learning media that is more adaptive, creative, and interactive, especially in visualizing abstract concepts. This study aims to investigate the urgency and outcomes of developing Augmented Reality (AR)-based flashcard learning media on the topic of the Human Body’s Organ Systems to enhance the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model. Based on a needs analysis conducted through observation and interviews at SDN 2 Rumak, it was found that the limitations of conventional media cause students to struggle with visualizing the details of organs and their functions, thereby hindering the development of critical thinking. The AR-based flashcard media developed using the Assemblr EDU platform is capable of presenting interactive 3D models that allow students to observe objects from various angles in real-time. Research findings indicate that this media meets the criteria for high validity, with a 93% approval rate from subject matter experts and 90% from media experts. The practicality of the media, as assessed based on teacher and student response instruments, reached an average 89.5% (very practical), supported by the app’s ease of navigation and ergonomic card design. Additionally, an effectiveness test using an N-Gain score of 0.72 indicates an improvement in students’ critical thinking skills in the “High” category. Therefore, the development of technology-based learning tools such as AR flashcards is crucial as an innovative solution for visualizing complex material and improving the quality of basic education in Indonesia.

Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Profesionalisme Guru Melalui Program Komunitas Belajar (Learning Community) Di Era Transformasi Digital

Dede Irma Sitanggang — 2026-05-25

Teacher professionalism is the primary key to improving educational output quality in the era of digital transformation. This study aims to analyze strategies for developing teacher professionalism through the strengthening of Learning Communities (Kombel) as a platform for peer collaboration and the optimization of the Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected at TK Ecole de Smarties through participant observation, in-depth interviews with five educators (FE, FS, DE, AR, and MS), and documentary studies of teachers' digital portfolios. The evaluation focused on the extent to which reflective discussions within the Learning Community could bridge the pedagogical and technological competency gaps that have historically been difficult to address through conventional one-way training. The results indicate that development strategies based on internal school collaboration are significantly more effective in improving pedagogical competency compared to formal, centralized training. This effectiveness stems from the provision of space for teachers to engage in contextual reflective practice and provide direct peer feedback in a psychologically safe environment. Furthermore, the integration of PMM into Learning Community activities has been proven to accelerate access to relevant curriculum references, thereby creating a sustainable independent learning ecosystem. The study concludes that strengthening instructional leadership from the school principal is essential to maintaining the consistency of these communities as a driving force for teacher professionalism. Consequently, the synergy between digital tools and human interaction remains the core of modern professional development strategies.

Ekspresi Emosi Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Laut Bercerita Karya Leila S. Chudori: Kajian Psikologi Sastra

Dian Safitri — 2026-05-25

This study aims to describe the emotional expressions of the main character in the novel Laut Bercerita by Leila S. Chudori using a literary psychology approach. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with content analysis techniques. The data source is the novel Laut Bercerita, while the data are in the form of text excerpts that reflect the emotional expressions of the main character, Biru Laut. The analysis is based on David Krech’s theory of emotional classification, which includes basic emotions, sensory-related emotions, and self-evaluative emotions. The results show that the main character experiences various emotional expressions such as happiness, sadness, fear, and anger, which are influenced by internal factors and external pressures, particularly political oppression and traumatic experiences. These emotions are expressed through narrative, dialogue, and actions, reflecting the complex psychological condition of the character. This study highlights that literary works serve as a medium to represent human psychological dynamics in a socio-political context.

Analisis Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru: Tantangan dan Adaptasi Teknologi Dalam Pembelajaran Abad 21 Di SMA Negeri 2 Sulamu

Dominggus Eliaser Sinlae — 2026-05-28

This study aims to analyze teachers' pedagogical competence in integrating 21st-century learning technology, identify barriers to technology adaptation, and describe teachers' adaptive strategies at SMA Negeri 2 Sulamu, Kupang Regency. The study used a qualitative approach with a single case study design within the interpretivism paradigm. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 informants, observations of 10 teachers, documentation studies of 47 documents, and one Focus Group Discussion (FGD) session. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model and strengthened through Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. The results show that teachers' pedagogical competence is still dominated by pedagogical aspects compared to technology integration within the TPACK framework. In addition, this study found a gap between conceptual understanding and practical implementation of learning technology in the classroom. The obstacles faced by teachers are multilevel, encompassing macro, meso, and micro aspects, forming a spiral of constraint pattern. Teachers respond to these conditions through adaptive strategies such as a low-tech high-impact approach, peer-to-peer collaboration, and the integration of local wisdom in learning. This research provides a conceptual contribution by strengthening the concept of pedagogical resilience in the context of rural schools in Eastern Indonesia.

Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IV Pada Pembelajaran IPAS di SD Inpres Danga Kecamatan Aesesa Kabupaten Nagekeo NTT

Siprianus See — 2026-05-28

Masalah dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas IV pada pembelajaran IPAS di SD Inpres Danga Kecamatan Aesasa? Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Inpres Danga. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini yakni peserta didik kelas IV di SD Inpres Danga yang berjumlah 30. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan angket sedangkan teknik analisis data berupa analisis frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat frekuensi dan kategori kecenderungan motivasi belajar IPAS peserta didik kelas IV di SD Inpres Danga adalah sebagai berikut; 1) kategori sangat tinggi dengan tingkat frekuensi 4 atau 13,33%, 2) kategori tinggi dengan tingkat frekuensi 7 atau 23,33%, 3) kategori sedang dengan tingkat frekuensi 10 atau 33,33%, dan 3) kategori rendah dengan tingkat frekuensi 9 atau 30%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas IV pada pembelajaran IPAS di SD Inpres Danga cenderung sedang.

Analisis Penggunaan Media Cerita Bergambar dalam Meningkatkan Minat Membaca Siswa Kelas II di SD Negeri 117865

Salisah Putri — 2026-05-28

This study aims to analyze the use of picture story media in improving the reading interest of second-grade students at SD Negeri 117865 AFD IV Perkebunan Berangir. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through interviews with the second-grade teacher, questionnaires distributed to students, and documentation of learning activities. The results indicate that prior to the use of picture story media, students’ reading interest was relatively low, as shown by limited enthusiasm and boredom during reading activities. After the implementation of picture story media, students’ reading interest improved significantly, reflected in increased motivation, enthusiasm, and active participation in reading lessons. Picture story media help students understand reading texts more easily through attractive visual support that matches the developmental characteristics of lower-grade elementary students. In addition, the learning atmosphere became more enjoyable and interactive. Based on the findings from interviews and questionnaires, it can be concluded that picture story media are effective learning tools for enhancing reading interest among second-grade elementary school students.

Mengukur Persepsi Peserta Didik tentang Lingkungan Belajar Konstruktivis Dihubungkan dengan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritisnya Pada Konsep Asam Basa

Tiara Bora — 2026-05-28

This study aims to measure students' perceptions of the constructivism learning environment and its relationship with critical thinking skills on the concept of Acid-Base, as well as assess the quality of critical thinking skills test items using the Rasch Model approach. The research was carried out in high school/MA/equivalent in the Gorontalo Regency area with a total of 549 respondents in grade XII. Data collection was used the Learning Environment Perception Questionnaire (CLES) and the Critical Thinking Skills Test (Facione). The results of the Rasch Model analysis showed that the instrument had excellent quality and was declared valid and reliable. The students' perception of the constructivist learning environment as a whole was in the positive category with a logite average value of +0.15. However, students' critical thinking skills were still in the low category with a logite average value of -1.04. Based on the Spearman's rho correlation test, it was found that a correlation coefficient of 0.519 with a significance value of p < .001. This shows that there is a real relationship between the perception of the constructivistic learning environment and the critical thinking skills of students. The higher the perception of students of the constructivist learning environment, the higher their critical thinking skills in acid-base material.

Evaluation of Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC) in Classrooms: Quantitative Analysis of Lighting and Noise During the Afternoon Transition Period

Chillie Aurora Meydiano — 2026-05-28

This study aims to evaluate Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC) in a classroom environment through a quantitative analysis of lighting (visual) and noise (auditory) parameters during the afternoon transition period (12:00–15:00 local time). A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using direct field measurements with a lux meter and a sound level meter in a 9 × 7 meter classroom. Measurements were conducted at 48 grid points with a spacing of 1 meter and at a height of approximately 0.8 meters, representing the students' working plane. The collected data were analyzed by comparing them with established standards, namely SNI 03-6575-2001 for lighting (≥250 Lux) and the Ministerial Decree on Environment No. 48 of 1996 for noise (≤55 dB). The results indicate that the average lighting level of 214.77 Lux is below the required standard, with approximately 62% of the measurement points classified as non-compliant. In contrast, the average noise level reaches 57.31 dB, exceeding the permissible threshold, with 72% of the points surpassing the limit. The simultaneous occurrence of insufficient lighting and excessive noise creates a double burden effect that may negatively influence students' visual comfort, concentration, and overall learning performance. Furthermore, temporal observations reveal a consistent decline in lighting intensity from approximately 242 Lux at 12:00 to 185 Lux at 15:00, confirming the afternoon transition period as a critical window for classroom IHC management. Therefore, this study recommends integrated improvement strategies, including optimizing artificial lighting systems, enhancing daylight utilization, and implementing acoustic control measures to improve classroom environmental quality

Pengembangan Media Animasi Perubahan Energi untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep IPA Pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

Lilis Anggraini — 2026-05-28

Describe, distinguish, classify, and draw conclusions using their own words. This study aims to examine the process of developing animated media, assess its suitability as a learning medium, and determine students’ responses in improving their conceptual understanding of science material on energy transformation among fourth-grade elementary school students. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) method based on the ADDIE model, involving 29 students. Data were collected through interviews, concept comprehension tests, validation sheets for media and content experts, observation sheets to evaluate the animated media, and a practicality questionnaire. Data analysis for validity and practicality was conducted using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, while effectiveness data were obtained from pretest and posttest results and analyzed using the N-gain formula. The results of the media expert validation showed a percentage of 91.67%, categorized as “highly valid.” Meanwhile, the content expert validation reached 100%, also categorized as “highly valid.” The teacher response questionnaire yielded a percentage of 96.67%, categorized as “highly valid,” while the student response questionnaire yielded a percentage of 91.12%, also categorized as “highly valid.” Additionally, the N-gain calculation yielded an average score of 0.62, which falls into the “moderate” category. This indicates significant progress in student learning outcomes.

The Efficacy of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform on the Quality of Education at Torue State Senior High School

Exsa Putra — 2026-05-28

This study aims to analyze the role of the Merdeka Mengajar platform and learning facilities on the learning quality of 11th and 12th-grade students at SMAN 1 Torue. Based on the research results, the utilization of the Merdeka Mengajar platform falls into the “good” category with a mode of 67%, while the school’s learning facilities are also in the “good” category with a mode of 56%. The students’ learning quality in the studied subjects is similarly categorized as good, with a mode of 65%. According to the analysis, learning quality is substantially affected by the Merdeka Mengajar platform, contributing 24%, while school learning facilities contribute 20%. Furthermore, the Merdeka Mengajar platform and Students' learning quality is profoundly affected by learning facilities taken collectively, indicating a synergistic effect of these factors in enhancing learning effectiveness. These findings highlight the importance of utilizing educational technology and providing adequate learning facilities to assist in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum and improve student learning outcomes.

Harmonisasi Teknologi dan Pedagogi: Implementasi Augmented Reality Terhadap Pendidikan

Agung Puji Santoso — 2026-05-28

The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into the educational ecosystem has developed rapidly as an innovative solution to bridge the gap between abstract theoretical concepts and concrete visual experiences. This research aims to synthesize findings regarding the implementation of AR technology as a learning medium and its impact on the educational process. This study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, following a systematic procedure that includes problem formulation, literature searching, study quality selection, data extraction, and data synthesis and analysis. Thirty selected literatures published between 2021 and 2026 were analyzed to evaluate technical feasibility, user response, and the pedagogical impact of AR technology. The results indicate that AR technology is consistently proven effective in visualizing abstract concepts, increasing motivation, and supporting active student engagement compared to conventional learning methods. However, a research focus disparity was identified, where literature within this period is still dominated by software development evaluation and expert validation, while empirical evidence regarding the long-term impact on knowledge retention and changes in students' cognitive behavior remains limited. Therefore, this research recommends a shift in research paradigm from mere technical validation toward more in-depth experimental studies to measure the effectiveness of AR in substantially improving the quality of the educational process.

The Use of Social Stories to Improve Social Interaction Skills of Students With Adhd in Inclusive Classrooms at Giwangan Elementary School Yogyakarta

Imelda Seprina Hanin — 2026-05-29

This study aimed to improve the social interaction skills of a student with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in an inclusive classroom through the implementation of the Social Stories method. The study was conducted at Giwangan Elementary School, Yogyakarta, involving one fifth-grade student with ADHD. This research employed Classroom Action Research based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection, and was carried out in two cycles. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and field notes, and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques supported by simple quantitative measures. The findings indicated a progressive improvement in the student’s social interaction skills. In Cycle I, the average achievement of social interaction indicators reached 54%, which did not meet the minimum success criterion (≥75%). Following improvements in instructional strategies, including structured storytelling, repeated exposure, intensive support, and consistent positive reinforcement, the score increased to 93% in Cycle II. The student showed improved ability in turn-taking, rule-following, cooperation, and peer interaction. These findings suggest that Social Stories can be an effective intervention to support social interaction development for students with ADHD in inclusive classroom contexts, particularly in case-based applications.

Strategi Inovatif Berbasis Digital dalam Kegiatan Kepramukaan Terhadap Pengembangan Karakter Murid Madrasah Aliyah Cikande Bandung Barat

Siti Hodijah — 2026-05-29

This study is motivated by the importance of strengthening character education in the digital era, which requires innovation in extracurricular activities, particularly scouting. This research aims to analyze the effect of digital-based innovative strategies in scouting activities on students’ character development, including responsibility, discipline, and independence at Madrasah Aliyah Cikande Bandung Barat. The study employed a quantitative approach with a correlational research design. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to the research sample and analyzed using simple regression, hypothesis testing, and coefficient of determination. The results indicate that digital-based innovative strategies have a significant effect on students’ character development, both partially and simultaneously. The integration of technology in scouting activities enhances student engagement, motivation, and learning experiences, making them more interactive and relevant to current developments. Furthermore, this strategy contributes to improving students’ digital literacy and 21st-century skills. Therefore, the implementation of digital-based innovative strategies in scouting activities can serve as an effective alternative for strengthening character education in madrasah contexts.

Kesiapan Digital SMK Pancasila 12 Paranggupito dalam Menghadapi Keterbatasan Akses

Nur Afifah — 2026-05-29

The transformation of education in the digital era requires schools to be prepared to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) into the learning process. However, not all educational institutions demonstrate equal readiness, particularly schools in remote areas such as SMK Pancasila 12 Paranggupito, which face significant limitations in digital access. This study aims to analyze the ideal standard of digital readiness for schools in addressing such constraints by examining aspects of human resources, infrastructure, policy, digital access, and adaptive capacity. This study is grounded in the concepts of readiness, digital access, and digital divide as proposed by Aydin and Tasci (2005), Davis (1989), and van Dijk (2006), which emphasize that digital readiness is a multidimensional construct. This research employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis based on theoretical review and the empirical conditions of the school. The findings indicate that digital readiness is not solely determined by the availability of technology, but also by teachers’ digital competence, policy support, and the institution’s ability to adapt to limitations. The ideal standard of digital readiness includes: (1) adaptive human resources with adequate digital literacy, (2) functional and contextual technological infrastructure, (3) flexible school policies and management, (4) effective utilization of digital access, and (5) adaptive readiness through innovative learning strategies such as blended learning and the use of offline media. The study concludes that the ideal standard of digital readiness for SMK Pancasila 12 Paranggupito is contextual, adaptive, and integrative, emphasizing the optimization of available resources and innovative strategies in overcoming limited digital access. Therefore, the success of digital transformation in education, particularly in remote areas, is more dependent on human and institutional readiness than on technological availability alone

Pengembangan Media Belajar Handout Flipbook untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Estimasi Biaya Konstruksi

Mirotus Sakdiah — 2026-05-29

Effective teaching of Construction Cost Estimation in vocational secondary education, aimed at producing competent estimators, is still hampered by a gap between ideal teaching practices and reality. In this study, this gap was addressed through the development of teaching materials to enhance student learning outcomes. The study utilised the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to develop the ‘Handout Flipbook’ learning resource. The objective of this study was to produce an effective learning resource by analysing its suitability through the completion of a validation sheet, a student response questionnaire, and an analysis of learning outcomes between the control and experimental classes. The feasibility analysis of the media, assessed using a likert scale, indicated that the media is highly suitable. The analysis of student responses revealed 97% positive responses, which fall into the ‘highly effective’ category. Analysis of learning outcomes using the N-Gain test showed a percentage of 75. 21 in the experimental class, indicating that the use of media in the experimental class was quite effective, with an average increase in learning outcomes of 45.83, whilst the use of conventional media in the control class was classified as ineffective, with a percentage value of 38.86 and an increase of 21.45; the Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference between the control and experimental classes, with an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05, with superior average learning outcomes in the experimental class. This triangulation of analyses indicates that the Flipbook Handout medium is effective in improving students’ learning outcomes.

Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Blooket Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Pada Materi KPK dan FPB

Garini Lituhayu — 2026-05-29

This study aims to to examine how students’ problem-solving skills related to LCM and GCD are influenced by the implementation of a problem-based learning model supported by the Blooket platform. This study employed a non-equivalent control group design and a quantitative quasi-experimental method. All fifth-grade students in the Wijaya Kusuma Cluster constituted the study population, and 28 students were selected as the sample for the control and experimental groups. Tests and documentation were some of the methods used to collect data. The independent samples t-test, N-Gain test, homogeneity test, and normality test were used to analyze the data. With a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), the study's findings show that students' problem-solving abilities are significantly impacted by the use of the Problem-Based Learning paradigm with the help of the Blooket platform. Additionally, the results of the N-Gain test show that pupils' skills have significantly improved. Therefore, it has been shown that the Blooket platform-supported Problem-Based Learning model is superior to traditional learning in improving students' problem-solving abilities.

Perancangan Booklet Zero Waste dengan Teknik Stuffing untuk Pengasahan Green Skills Siswa

Firly Rosella Fitrissibhi — 2026-05-29

Permasalahan limbah tekstil dalam pembelajaran Tata Busana di SMK masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan belum terintegrasi dalam proses pembelajaran berbasis praktik. Kondisi ini menunjukkan perlunya media pembelajaran yang mampu menggabungkan konsep sustainable fashion dengan praktik nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang media pembelajaran berupa booklet zero waste berbasis pemanfaatan kain sisa dengan teknik stuffing untuk mendukung pengembangan green skills siswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berbasis perancangan (design - based approach) yang meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan konsep, pengembangan isi, desain visual, dan produksi media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa booklet yang dikembangkan memiliki struktur yang sistematis, memuat materi zero waste, pemanfaatan kain sisa, serta langkah-langkah praktik teknik stuffing yang aplikatif. Media ini mampu mengintegrasikan teori dan praktik secara langsung, sehingga meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, kreativitas, serta pemahaman konsep keberlanjutan. Selain itu, booklet dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar mandiri yang tidak bergantung pada teknologi digital. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media booklet zero waste berbasis teknik stuffing efektif sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran kontekstual dalam mendukung pengembangan green skills dan kesadaran lingkungan siswa di SMK Tata Busana.

Strategi Guru dalam Mengatasi Kekurangan Media Pembelajaran Pada Materi Siklus Air Di Kelas V SD

Deva Merlin Claudia — 2026-05-29

This study aims to describe the strategies employed by fifth-grade teachers in overcoming the lack of learning media for water cycle material in elementary schools located in remote areas. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through observation, semi-structured and unstructured interviews, and documentation techniques. Data sources consisted of fifth-grade teachers and school principals selected through purposive sampling. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation and technique triangulation. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results revealed that teachers applied four adaptive strategies: (1) creating simple teaching aids from locally available materials, (2) utilizing the surrounding environment as an authentic learning resource, (3) applying discussion and demonstration methods, and (4) optimizing simple digital technology. Supporting factors included teacher creativity and principal support, while barriers encompassed budget constraints, limited professional training, and geographic isolation. This study concludes that teacher creativity and initiative serve as the primary determinants of successful learning amid facility limitations, functioning as practical 'prescriptions' to address the 'disease' of media scarcity.

Evektifitas Model Pembelajaran Make A Match Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Pada Mata Pelajaran Geografi Kelas X di SMA Negeri 2 Palu

Ardayanti Ardayanti — 2026-05-29

Critical thinking skills are essential skills that students must develop. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the “Make a Match” learning model on the critical thinking skills of 10th-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Palu. This study employs a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The study population consisted of 60 students, while the sample comprised 30 students selected from class X-F as the experimental group and class X-C as the control group. The research instrument consisted of multiple-choice tests administered as pretests and posttests. The research data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests with the assistance of SPSS version 25 software. The results of the study indicate an improvement in critical thinking skills, as evidenced by the highest score of 91 and the average posttest score of the experimental class (79.50), which was higher than that of the control class (61.86). The results of the hypothesis test yielded a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of the Make a Match learning model on students’ critical thinking skills. The limitations of this study lie in the fact that it was conducted over a limited timeframe and focused exclusively on remote sensing; consequently, the results cannot yet be generalized to other areas of geography. Further research is recommended over a longer period and across different geographical subjects to more broadly assess the effectiveness of the learning model.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Video Berbasis Animasi 3D pada Materi Sistem Transmisi CVT untuk Mengetahui Kelayakan dan Respon Siswa Kelas XI Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik dan Bisnis Sepeda Motor SMK Negeri 10 Malang

Nur Ali Ridho Imawardi — 2026-05-30

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji tingkat kelayakan serta respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran video berbasis animasi 3D pada materi Sistem Transmisi Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) di SMK Negeri 10 Malang. Masalah utama yang mendasari penelitian ini adalah sulitnya siswa memvisualisasikan mekanisme kerja komponen internal CVT yang bersifat tertutup dan dinamis melalui media konvensional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket validasi ahli dan angket respon pengguna yang melibatkan 25 siswa kelas XI Teknik dan Bisnis Sepeda Motor (TBSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan yang sangat tinggi, dengan validasi ahli materi mencapai 95,7%, ahli media 95%, dan desain instruksional 86,66%. Uji lapangan terbatas juga menunjukkan respon siswa yang sangat positif dengan persentase di atas 91% pada seluruh aspek. Keunggulan media ini terletak pada visualisasi teknis yang detail dan aksesibilitas melalui platform Lumi Education. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media video animasi 3D ini sangat layak dan praktis digunakan sebagai solusi inovatif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman visual siswa dalam pembelajaran otomotif.

Analisis Pendidikan Keterampilan Membatik bagi Warga Belajar Pendidikan Nonformal: Kajian Model Pendidikan di PKBM Mandiri Bakti.

Yulia Rahmawati — 2026-05-30

This study aims to examine in more depth how the Analysis of Batik Skills Education for Non-Formal Education Students: Study of the Education Model at PKBM Mandiri Bakti. This research approach employed qualitative research. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and document study. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was validated using technical triangulation and source triangulation. The results indicate that this education model consists of several stages: (1) identifying learning needs based on the learners' backgrounds and local potential; (2) increasing awareness through motivation regarding the importance of cultural preservation and batik business opportunities; (3) transforming knowledge through a flexible time-block system that combines independent learning (modules and video tutorials), tutorials, and face-to-face sessions; and (4) fostering community independence through entrepreneurial mentoring. The study's conclusions indicate that the integration of local wisdom in skills education effectively increases technical knowledge and creativity in Dayak motifs, encourages economic independence in learners, and supports the sustainable preservation of East Kalimantan's cultural heritage.

Peran Kegiatan Keagamaan Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Ibadah Siswa Di SDN 1 Gunting Sukerjo Pasuruan

Siti Izatul Karima — 2026-05-30

This study aims to analyze the role of school religious activities in improving students’ worship discipline at SDN 1 Gunting Sukerjo Pasuruan. The research focuses on the implementation of religious activities such as congregational prayers, recitation of the Qur’an, reading Asmaul Husna, prayers before and after learning activities, and Islamic holiday commemorations as efforts to build students’ religious character and worship discipline. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with field research methods. The subjects of the research consisted of students in grades IV–VI, Islamic education teachers, the principal, and parents. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques, while the validity of the findings was ensured through triangulation and member checking. The results indicate that school religious activities play a significant role in improving students’ worship discipline through habituation, teacher role modeling, guidance, supervision, and reinforcement. Students showed improvements in punctuality, regularity, and obedience in carrying out worship activities both at school and at home. Supporting factors include teachers’ commitment, parental support, and a conducive religious school environment. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include limited student motivation, environmental influences outside school, and inconsistent worship habits at home. Therefore, continuous and well-structured religious activities are essential in strengthening students’ spiritual awareness and developing disciplined worship behavior from an early age.

Upaya Mengatasi Kesulitan Menulis Permulaan Pada Siswa Kelas Rendah di SDN 121/I Muara Singoan

Ullyl Khoyrul Ummah — 2026-05-30

This study aims to describe the difficulties in early writing among second-grade students and the teacher’s efforts to overcome them at SDN 121/I Muara Singoan. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that students are generally able to write, but still experience difficulties in letter formation, neatness, and accuracy in writing words. The contributing factors include lack of practice, improper learning habits, and limited support at home. The teacher’s efforts include vocabulary-based learning, providing writing examples, step-by-step exercises, and individual guidance. The teacher also provides motivation and conducts continuous evaluation. These efforts are helpful, although some challenges remain in their implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more varied instructional strategies to improve students’ writing skills optimally.

Analisis Pemberdayaan Perempuan Berbasis Pendidikan Melalui Program Pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Seruni

Meiliana Reva Aulia — 2026-05-30

This study aims to describe the empowerment process of women farmers based on the use of home yards in improving family food security in RT. 07, Jawa Village through the Seruni Women Farmers Group (KWT) program fostered by CSR PT. Adimitra Baratama Nusantara. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, document studies with research informants including the CSR team of PT. Adimitra Baratama Nusantara, the Chairperson of the Seruni Women Farmers Group (KWT), and female farmer members. Data analysis is carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. While the validity of the data uses triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study show that the empowerment process is carried out in three stages: (1) Awareness Stage, (2) Capacity Building Stage, and (3) Post-program Empowerment Stage. This study shows that the empowerment program for women farmers based on the use of home yards fostered by CSR PT. Adimitra Baratama Nusantara can be said to have succeeded in increasing the knowledge, skills, and independence of the community in supporting family food security to provide social and economic benefits for the community.

Implementasi Evaluasi Pembelajaran Fiqih dalam Mengoptimalkan Hasil Belajar Siswa di MTs N 2 Pamekasan

Salistya Irfani — 2026-05-30

This research is motivated by the importance of learning evaluation in Islamic education, particularly in the subject of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), which emphasizes not only cognitive aspects but also affective and psychomotor aspects. To date, evaluation has often not been optimally utilized as a means of improving student learning outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to describe the implementation of formative and summative assessments and analyze their role in optimizing student learning outcomes at MTsN 2 Pamekasan. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research subjects included the principal and fiqh teachers who were selected purposively. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions with triangulation to maintain data validity. The results show that the evaluation of fiqh learning has been systematically designed, implemented continuously through formative and summative assessments, and uses varied and authentic assessment techniques. This evaluation has been proven to improve student learning outcomes, both from the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, as well as shaping students' character and religious practice skills more optimally.

Kesejahteraan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Implikasinya Terhadap Mutu Pendidikan: Sebuah Analisis Teoretis Multidimensi

Musyrifah Zidni Baroroh — 2026-05-30

The low welfare of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in Indonesia represents a systemic paradox. Recent national reports indicate that a significant proportion of non-civil servant teachers receive salaries below the regional minimum wage, highlighting a structural welfare gap. This study aims to (1) map the welfare problems of PAI teachers in financial, psychological, and professional dimensions during the 2021–2026 period, (2) analyze the implications of welfare deficits on the quality of educational processes and outcomes, and (3) formulate integrative policy solutions based on modern management theory and Maqasid al-Shariah. This study employs a systematic library research design by reviewing 35 scholarly articles indexed in Sinta and Scopus databases published between 2021 and 2026. The inclusion criteria include relevance to teacher welfare, educational quality, and Islamic education, while exclusion criteria include non-peer-reviewed sources and outdated publications. The data are analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive method, applying the frameworks of Motivation–Hygiene Theory (Herzberg), Maqasid al-Shariah Theory (Al-Shatibi), and Total Quality Management (TQM). The findings indicate that welfare deficits are primarily associated with financial insecurity, excessive administrative workload, and limited professional development opportunities. These conditions significantly affect pedagogical performance and reduce the effectiveness of character education.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Kedomi Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Pada Materi Kegiatan Ekonomi Kelas IV SD Swasta Pelita

Masbulan Harahap — 2026-05-30

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran Kedomi (Kartu Edukasi Domino Interaktif) pada materi kegiatan ekonomi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas IV SD Swasta Pelita. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Subjek penelitian adalah 22 siswa kelas IV SD Swasta Pelita. Instrumen pengumpulan data terdiri atas lembar validasi ahli media, lembar validasi ahli materi, angket respons guru, angket respons siswa, serta soal pretest dan posttest. Data dianalisis melalui uji kevalidan, kepraktisan, ketuntasan belajar, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi ahli media memperoleh persentase 92% dan validasi ahli materi 94%, keduanya berada pada kategori sangat valid. Kepraktisan media berdasarkan respons guru dan siswa masing-masing memperoleh 100% dengan kategori sangat praktis, yang menunjukkan bahwa media mudah digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Efektivitas media terlihat dari ketuntasan belajar sebesar 95% dan skor N-Gain 0,85 dengan kategori tinggi. Dengan demikian, Kedomi layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran IPS yang konkret, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa sekolah dasar.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Website Pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar Teknik Elektronika untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

Amelda Amartha — 2026-05-30

This study aims to enhance the academic performance of vocational high school students in the Basic Electronic Engineering course through the development of a valid, practical, and effective web- based learning platform. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, the research utilized the 4D instructional design model, which encompasses the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate phases. The research subjects comprised 29 tenth-grade students enrolled in the Electrical Power Installation Engineering vocational program. Data were gathered utilizing pre-test and post- test assessments, supplemented by expert validation and feasibility questionnaires. According to Aiken’s V index calculations across material, construct, and linguistic aspects, the developed instrument demonstrated a remarkably high level of validity. Furthermore, evaluations conducted by subject-matter and media experts classified the product as "Highly Feasible." Regarding instructional effectiveness, student outcomes exhibited a significant improvement, with average scores rising from 55.9 in the pre-test to 82.5 in the post-test. The calculated N-Gain score stood at 0.603, falling into the "Moderate" category. In conclusion, the developed web-based instructional media is authentic, highly practical, and reliable for elevating students learning achievements.

The Effect of Career Planning Training on Career Exploration and Self-Efficacy In Career Decision-Making of Grade XI Students of SMK N 3 Padang

Widya Handalia — 2026-05-31

This study examined the effect of career planning training on career exploration and career decision-making self-efficacy among Grade XI students in the Office Management and Business Services program at SMK N 3 Padang. The study was grounded in the continuing need to strengthen vocational students’ readiness to make informed career choices, especially because many students still have limited career information, low confidence, and uncertainty about the transition from school to work or further education. Although previous studies have discussed career guidance and career decision-making, empirical evidence on short, school-based career planning training for students with low career exploration and low career decision-making self-efficacy remains limited. This study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest model. The population consisted of 83 students, and seven students who met the criteria of low career exploration and low career decision-making self-efficacy were selected through screening. Data were collected using adapted psychological scales, namely the Career Exploration Scale and the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale, both of which were tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with SPSS 23. The results showed a significant increase in career exploration (Z = -2.371; p = .018) and career decision-making self-efficacy (Z = -2.366; p = .018) after the training. These findings indicate that career planning training can support students in understanding themselves, exploring occupational information, and building confidence to make career decisions. The study contributes to vocational guidance practice by offering evidence that structured career planning activities can be used by guidance and counseling teachers to strengthen students’ career readiness.

Analisis Kepuasan Konsumen Terhadap Inovasi Batik dan Model Busana Monokrom Berbasis Zero-Waste Pada Brand De’youl

Sevi Dewi Pratiwi — 2026-05-31

This study examines consumer satisfaction with zero-waste monochrome batik fashion innovation at the De'Youl Batik brand. The study is grounded in the limited discussion of consumer responses to zero-waste monochrome batik products; previous studies have generally emphasized design exploration, production techniques, or sustainability discourse. A descriptive mixed-method approach was used by combining qualitative data from interviews, observation, expert assessment, and producer assessment with simple quantitative data from a five-point Likert questionnaire. Twenty regular consumers aged 18-35 completed the questionnaire, while five VIP consumers were interviewed to obtain deeper information about product experience. Data validation was conducted through source triangulation involving consumers, producer/owner, and design experts. Quantitative data were converted into percentages, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings show a high level of satisfaction, with an average score of 91%. The strongest indicator was repurchase intention (4.70; 94%), followed by material comfort (4.65; 93%), trend and aesthetic suitability (4.50; 90%), and sewing/construction quality (4.35; 87%). Qualitative findings indicate that consumers perceive the product as modern, flexible, comfortable, exclusive, and aligned with sustainability values. This study contributes to the evaluation of sustainable local fashion by showing that zero-waste batik innovation can be commercially accepted when aesthetic, functional, and ethical values are integrated in the design process.

Analisis Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) Dalam Menangkal Intoleransi Berbasis Kepentingan Politik

Feri Simanjuntak — 2026-05-31

This study analyzes the role of Christian Religious Education (CRE) in countering intolerance shaped by political interests. The issue is important because intolerance in Indonesia is no longer limited to differences in religious belief, but is also reinforced through identity politics, digital disinformation, and the use of religious symbols for political mobilization. Previous studies have discussed tolerance within Christian education, yet only a limited number specifically examine how CRE can respond to intolerance produced by political interests. This research employed a qualitative literature study using content and thematic analysis. Literature was selected from journal articles, books, policy documents, and relevant studies on CRE, intolerance, political identity, digital media, and civic ethics. The findings show that CRE can function as a space for developing critical awareness, ethical political literacy, dialogical reflection, and tolerant character based on Christian values. This article argues that CRE needs to move beyond a merely doctrinal approach toward contextual learning that connects faith, social responsibility, and public ethics. The study contributes to the reconstruction of CRE as an educational practice that forms students who are religiously rooted, socially sensitive, and resistant to intolerant political narratives.

Pengaruh Design Thinking Model Berbantuan Genially Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kolaboratif Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Fery Dwiyanti — 2026-05-31

This study examined the effect of the Design Thinking Model assisted by Genially on elementary school students' problem-solving and collaborative skills and analyzed the relationship between the two skills. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design was employed. The study involved fourth-grade students in the Sutomo Cluster, Cilacap Tengah District, consisting of an experimental class that learned through the Design Thinking Model assisted by Genially and a control class that learned through the Design Thinking Model supported by conventional media. Data were collected using a problem-solving test, collaborative skill questionnaire, observation sheet, and documentation. The instruments were validated by experts and tested for reliability before use. Data were analyzed through normality and homogeneity tests, independent sample t-test, simple linear regression, and Pearson correlation. The findings showed that the experimental class obtained higher posttest scores in problem-solving skills (M = 89.48) than the control class (M = 71.03). The experimental class also obtained higher collaborative skill scores (M = 86.61) than the control class (M = 40.10). These results indicate that the integration of Design Thinking and Genially provides a structured, visual, and interactive learning experience that strengthens students' ability to identify problems, develop ideas, test solutions, communicate, and work in groups. This study contributes to elementary IPAS learning by offering an instructional model that simultaneously develops cognitive and social skills. Further studies are recommended to involve broader samples and longer intervention periods.

Pengaruh Video Berbasis Anotasi Dalam Flipped Learning Terhadap Beban Kognitif dan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP

Indri Rahmawati Putri Widodo — 2026-05-31

The flipped learning model places initial learning in the pre-class phase through video media; however, its effectiveness is highly dependent on the quality of the video design used because, in practice, students often struggle to understand the material and tend to forget information during in-class learning activities due to poorly managed cognitive load, particularly extraneous cognitive load arising from poorly structured presentations. This study aims to analyze differences in learning outcomes and cognitive load between conventional videos and annotation-based videos in flipped learning. The study employed a one-group repeated-measures posttest-only design, involving 30 eighth-grade students at a junior high school in Purwakarta. Cognitive load was measured using the Cognitive Load Questionnaire, which covers intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load, while learning outcomes were assessed through a final evaluation test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results showed that the use of annotated videos reduced intrinsic cognitive load from 3.17 to 1.60 and extraneous cognitive load from 3.16 to 1.49, while increasing germane cognitive load from 2.46 to 3.67. In addition, learning outcomes increased from an average of 66.00 to 92.33 with a significant difference (Z = -4.811) and an effect size of 0.88. These findings indicate that annotated videos can direct students’ attention to essential information, thereby reducing irrelevant cognitive load and enhancing meaningful cognitive processing, which makes learning more effective in a flipped learning environment.

Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Dalam Menunjang Pendidikan Siswa Di Desa Jemowo Kabupaten Boyolali

Ari Yohana Pramesti — 2026-05-31

This study analyzes the implementation of the Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan/PKH) in supporting students' education in Jemowo Village, Boyolali Regency. Previous studies on PKH have mainly discussed program effectiveness at a general level, while local studies that connect program implementation, mentoring practices, family behavior, and educational sustainability in rural settings remain limited. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach involving eight informants, consisting of one PKH facilitator, one village official, two parents from beneficiary families, three student beneficiaries, and one school representative. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model, which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data credibility was strengthened through source triangulation, method triangulation, and member checking. The findings show that PKH implementation in Jemowo Village has been carried out through DTKS-based data validation, non-cash aid distribution through the Family Welfare Card, Family Capacity Building Meetings, home visits, and school attendance monitoring. PKH assistance helps reduce educational expenses, strengthens parents' awareness of schooling, improves students' learning motivation, and supports student attendance. However, the assistance has not fully covered all educational needs because educational sustainability is also influenced by parental awareness, household economic pressure, and the learning environment. The novelty of this study lies in its contextual analysis of PKH implementation at the village level by integrating policy implementation, mentoring, and educational behavior of beneficiary families.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar E-Modul Pada Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP)

Eka Fitriani — 2026-05-31

This study was motivated by the limited use of digital teaching materials in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Sawang, while students need learning resources that are visual, contextual, and accessible. This research aimed to develop an interactive e-module entitled "Tantangan Pembangunan Indonesia" based on Canva and Heyzine, and to examine its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students' learning outcomes. The study employed Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects involved 32 ninth-grade students, one social studies teacher, and three expert validators covering material, media, and language aspects. Data were collected through interviews, observation, expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest learning outcome tests. The findings show that the e-module was categorized as very feasible based on material validation (88.5%), media validation (95%), and language validation (92%). The practicality test also indicated a very practical category, with student responses reaching 89% and teacher responses reaching 95%. The effectiveness test showed a significant increase in learning outcomes, as indicated by the paired sample t-test value of Sig. 0.000 < 0.05 and an average N-Gain score of 0.75 in the high category. These results indicate that the e-module is feasible, practical, and effective as an interactive teaching material for social studies learning. The product contributes to strengthening contextual digital learning, student independence, and teacher innovation in developing technology-based learning media.

Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) Berbantuan Media Puzzle Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Pada Mata Pelajaran Ips Tingkat SMP

Wirdatul Ahya — 2026-05-31

This study aimed to develop and examine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT)-based Jigsaw Puzzle media in improving junior high school students' problem-solving skills in Social Studies learning. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) design using the DDDE model, consisting of Decide, Design, Develop, and Evaluate stages. The participants involved material experts, media experts, language experts, one Social Studies teacher, and 32 ninth-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Sawang. Data were collected through validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, observation, and problem-solving tests. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentages, normality testing, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and N-Gain, while qualitative data were analyzed descriptively based on expert suggestions and field notes. The results showed that the media was highly feasible, with validation scores of 86% from material experts, 90% from media experts, and 94% from language experts. Student and teacher responses reached 86% and 93%, respectively, indicating a very positive level of practicality. The mean score increased from 61.90 in the pretest to 84.84 in the posttest. Since the pretest data were not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon test was applied and showed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p = 0.000). The average N-Gain score was 0.5765, categorized as moderate. These findings indicate that CRT-based Jigsaw Puzzle media is feasible, practical, and moderately effective in supporting contextual Social Studies learning and improving students' problem-solving skills.

Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Imam Al-Ghazali dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Modern

Dian Aura Sabillah Simamora — 2026-05-31

This study aims to examine the Islamic educational thought of Imam Al-Ghazali and analyze its relevance to modern education. This research employs a qualitative approach with a library research method. The primary data are derived from Al-Ghazali’s classical works, while secondary data are obtained from various scientific journals and supporting literature. Data collection is conducted through documentation techniques, and data analysis uses a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that Al-Ghazali’s educational concept emphasizes the holistic development of human beings, encompassing intellectual, spiritual, and moral aspects. The purpose of education is not merely to achieve academic success but also to purify the soul and cultivate noble character. In addition, Al-Ghazali highlights the importance of intention in seeking knowledge, the role of teachers as moral exemplars, and the classification of knowledge based on individual and social needs. Al-Ghazali’s educational thought remains highly relevant to modern education, particularly in addressing issues such as moral crises, ethical degradation, and the dominance of materialistic approaches. The integration of cognitive, affective, and spiritual aspects proposed by Al-Ghazali can serve as a foundation for developing a more humanistic and character-oriented educational system.

Analisis Beban Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Guru Produktif Dalam Pengelolaan Teaching Factory (TeFa) Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK)

Matilda Indriani Umbu Warata — 2026-05-31

The implementation of Teaching Factory (TeFa) in vocational high schools is intended to strengthen the link between school-based learning and the demands of the industrial world. However, this model also changes the work structure of productive teachers because they are required to act not only as educators, but also as production supervisors, quality controllers, and coordinators of school-industry activities. This study aims to analyze the forms of workload experienced by productive teachers and to synthesize the factors that influence their work motivation in TeFa management. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review method. The reviewed sources consisted of journal articles, books, policy documents, and previous studies published between 2015 and 2025, selected based on their relevance to TeFa, teacher workload, work motivation, and vocational education management. Data were analyzed through content analysis and thematic synthesis. The findings show that productive teachers experience physical, cognitive, emotional, and organizational workloads. These workloads may support performance when they are managed fairly, but may reduce motivation and increase the risk of burnout when they are not accompanied by clear task distribution, block scheduling, managerial support, and a proportional reward system. This study contributes a conceptual balance model between workload management and teacher motivation as a basis for strengthening sustainable TeFa governance in vocational schools.

Efektivitas Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan (SPMP) Dalam Menghadapi Kesenjangan Kualitas Pendidikan Antarwilayah

Annuri Putri Dupa — 2026-05-31

The quality of education is a key indicator of human resource development and national competitiveness. However, the disparity in education quality between regions remains a significant challenge in Indonesia, influenced by differences in resources, infrastructure, and institutional capacity. The Education Quality Assurance System (SPMP) serves as a strategic instrument to ensure equitable compliance with National Education Standards through internal (SPMI) and external (SPME) mechanisms. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of SPMP in addressing the disparity in education quality between regions by reviewing aspects of quality culture, leadership, data utilization, and a contextual approach. The study employed a literature review method, reviewing various relevant scientific sources. The results indicate that SPMP has significant potential to improve education quality through a continuous improvement cycle and the use of evidence-based data. However, its implementation still faces challenges such as limited resources, the digital divide, the risk of bureaucratization, and the low internalization of a quality culture. Therefore, strengthening collaboration, increasing human resource capacity, and policy flexibility based on local contexts are needed so that SPMP can function optimally in realizing equitable education quality.

Penerapan Problem-Based Learning Berbasis Deep Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa SD

Ismoyowati Ismoyowati — 2026-05-31

The low level of student engagement in Integrated Science (IPAS) learning at the elementary school level indicates the need for instructional approaches that foster deep cognitive and social involvement. This study aims to examine the effect of implementing a Deep Learning approach through the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on the learning engagement of fifth-grade students. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, specifically a pretest–posttest nonequivalent control group design. The participants consisted of 27 students in the experimental group and 28 students in the control group. Data were collected using a student engagement observation sheet and analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results revealed a significant difference in student engagement between the experimental and control groups after controlling for initial ability (p < 0.001), with an effect size of η² = 0.275, which falls into the large category. These findings indicate that the implementation of a Deep Learning approach through the PBL model is effective in enhancing elementary students’ engagement in IPAS learning. Therefore, this approach can serve as a relevant instructional strategy alternative in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.

Development of Augmented Reality Learning Media To Enhance Elementary Students’ Conceptual Understanding of The Human Respiratory System In Science Learning

Ani Subekti — 2026-05-31

This study aimed to develop and evaluate Augmented Reality (AR)-based interactive learning media designed to strengthen fifth-grade students' conceptual understanding of the human respiratory system. The study responds to a research gap in elementary science learning: previous AR studies have mostly emphasized media development, while fewer have integrated AR products with a structured instructional design and multistage classroom testing. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) design using the ADDIE model. The product was tested through expert validation, a small-scale practicality test involving 10 students and one teacher, an intermediate feasibility trial involving 42 students, and an effectiveness test using a pretest-posttest control group design with 30 students in the control class and 35 students in the experimental class. Instruments consisted of expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, observation notes, and conceptual understanding tests. Data were analyzed using Aiken's V, descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, effect size, and normalized gain (N-gain). The results showed that the media was highly valid, with Aiken's V values of 0.91 for material, 0.89 for media, and 0.87 for language. The practicality scores were also high, with 93.75% from the teacher and 88.40% from students. In the intermediate trial, students' mean score increased from 67.97 to 77.26, with a significant paired t-test result (t = -8.072; p < .001) and a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.246). The effectiveness test showed that the experimental class obtained an N-gain of 0.75 (high category), whereas the control class reached only 0.07 (low category). These findings indicate that AR-based interactive media can make abstract respiratory system concepts more visible, interactive, and meaningful for elementary students.

Google Sites Sebagai Alternatif Learning Management System (LMS) Dalam Ekosistem Pembelajaran Digital: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Ravsanjani Ravsanjani — 2026-05-31

The digital infrastructure gap remains a major challenge in achieving equitable education quality. This study aims to conduct an in-depth literature synthesis on the effectiveness of using Google Sites as a robust alternative Learning Management System (LMS) across various educational ecosystems. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method and the PRISMA protocol, this study selected 20 journal articles published between 2021 and 2026. The synthesis results indicate that Google Sites has a very high level of validity (averaging above 90%) as an interactive learning medium. Empirically, this platform has been proven effective in improving cognitive understanding (average N-Gain score of 0.74), facilitating collaboration, and boosting student motivation and learning independence by over 80%. Crucial findings from this review confirm that Google Sites' cloud-based nature, zero server costs, and integration with Google Workspace make it the most rational and inclusive LMS solution, especially for schools in low-resource environments. The study concluded that, despite network connectivity challenges, Google Sites is poised to facilitate ongoing digital transformation, including the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and inclusive education.

Kesiapan Guru Mengemban Kepemimpinan Di Sekolah: Tinjauan Literatur Komparatif Pada Konteks Indonesia, Jepang dan Internasional

Maria Maya Sareng — 2026-05-31

This study aims to examine teacher readiness to assume leadership roles in schools and to formulate a contextual strengthening model for school improvement. The study used a semi-systematic literature review with comparative content analysis. The review covered 23 scholarly sources selected from an initial pool of 78 documents identified through Google Scholar, SINTA/GARUDA, Scopus, academic publisher websites, and international organization reports. Selection was conducted through duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, full-text eligibility assessment, and relevance mapping based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings show that teacher leadership readiness is a multidimensional construct consisting of cognitive, affective-motivational, socio-collaborative, and structural-institutional dimensions. Critical synthesis indicates that readiness cannot be formed through individual training alone because it depends on the interaction between teacher self-efficacy, professional experience, collaborative culture, principal support, mentoring opportunities, and continuous professional development policies. Comparative analysis shows that Indonesia has policy momentum through Kurikulum Merdeka and Guru Penggerak, but still faces hierarchical and structural barriers. Japan provides an instructive example through kenkyushunin and lesson study, where teacher leadership grows from school-based inquiry and reflective professional routines. This article contributes a layered strengthening model that integrates individual capacity development, professional learning communities, transformational and instructional principal leadership, and institutional policy support.

Analisis Membaca Pemahaman Dengan Penerapan Metode Mind Mapping Pada Siswa Kelas IV SDN 19 Setogor

Warnik Warnik — 2026-05-31

Reading comprehension is a fundamental literacy competence in elementary education because it determines students' ability to identify main ideas, locate explicit information, draw conclusions, and connect ideas in a text. However, classroom reading activities often focus on answering questions without sufficiently guiding students to organize textual information. This study addresses that gap by describing students' reading comprehension after the application of the mind mapping method and identifying the aspects of comprehension that still require instructional support. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach involving 29 fourth-grade students at SDN 19 Setogor. Data were collected through a reading comprehension test and documentation. The test instrument was developed based on indicators of reading comprehension, including identifying main ideas, finding detailed information, summarizing text content, and retelling the text in students' own words. Data were analyzed through score tabulation, percentage calculation, categorization, and qualitative interpretation of students' difficulties. The findings show that one student (3.45%) was in the very good category, sixteen students (55.17%) were in the good category, one student (3.45%) was in the sufficient category, and eleven students (37.93%) were in the poor category, with a class mean score of 63.10. These results indicate that mind mapping can support students in organizing reading information, but it needs to be accompanied by vocabulary enrichment, explicit guidance in identifying main ideas, and repeated practice in drawing conclusions. The contribution of this study lies in providing classroom-based evidence that mind mapping is useful as a visual strategy for reading comprehension while also highlighting the need for more structured literacy scaffolding in elementary Indonesian language learning.

Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Pada Materi Perubahan Wujud Zat Melalui Eksperimen IPA Pada Siswa Kelas VII MTs Al Mizan

Dahlia Dahlia — 2026-05-31

This research is motivated by the low conceptual understanding of students on the material of changes in the state of matter which is still often learned through verbal explanations and less involving direct scientific experience. The research gap lies in the still limited science experiment studies that verify the improvement of MTs students' conceptual understanding through a more careful pretest-posttest analysis. This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of science experiments on the conceptual understanding of grade VII students of MTs Al-Mizan on the material of changes in the state of matter. The study used a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample consisted of 16 students who participated in all series of learning activities, pretest, and posttest. The research instruments were in the form of a concept understanding test and an observation sheet of learning implementation. Data were analyzed descriptively, tested for normality with Shapiro-Wilk, followed by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test because one of the data was not normally distributed, and the increase was calculated through N-gain. The results showed an average pretest score of 41.31 increased to 85.13 in the posttest. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values (p < 0.001), while the N-gain value of 0.75 was in the high category. Thus, science experiments have proven effective in helping students understand the concept of changes in state of matter in a more concrete, active, and meaningful way.

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Pelajaran Matematika Pada Siswa Kelas II SDN 08 Nekan

Paula Cindy — 2026-05-31

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint terhadap motivasi belajar matematika siswa kelas II SDN 08 Nekan. Menggunakan desain One Group Pretest–Posttest, penelitian melibatkan 16 siswa dengan instrumen angket motivasi belajar berbasis lima indikator Aritonang (ketekunan, keuletan, minat, orientasi berprestasi, dan kemandirian) berskala Likert empat poin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor motivasi yang signifikan, dari 29,13 (kategori sedang) pada pretest menjadi 45,38 pada posttest, dengan selisih sebesar 16,25 poin. Peningkatan paling dominan terjadi pada indikator minat dan ketajaman perhatian, serta orientasi berprestasi yang naik dari peringkat terendah ke peringkat kedua. Uji paired sample t-test menghasilkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p < 0,05), sehingga H₀ ditolak dan Hₐ diterima. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar, semangat, dan partisipasi aktif siswa dalam memahami konsep matematika yang bersifat abstrak.

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Interactive Flat Panel (IFP) Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di TK Negeri Pembina Cibadak Kabupaten Lebak

Aswar Suwartini — 2026-05-31

The development of learning media is an important effort to improve the quality of early childhood education, particularly in stimulating children's fine motor skills. This study aims to develop Interactive Flat Panel (IFP)-based learning media and examine its feasibility and effectiveness in improving the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years at TK Negeri Pembina Cibadak, Lebak Regency. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, pre-test, post-test, and documentation. The novelty of this study lies in the development of an IFP-based interactive learning medium specifically designed for fine motor stimulation through tracing, puzzle, drag-and-drop, and color-shape activities in early childhood learning. The validation results showed that the media was very feasible, with a material expert score of 90% and a media expert score of 88%. The trial involving 20 children showed an increase in the average fine motor score from 65 in the pre-test to 85 in the post-test, with an N-Gain value of 0.57. These findings indicate that IFP-based learning media is feasible and effective for supporting fine motor development in children aged 5-6 years.

Pengaruh Modifikasi Permainan Dakon Pintar Dengan Metode Penugasan Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Numerasi Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di TK Darus Sholah Jember

Unshita Rini — 2026-05-31

This study aims to analyze the effect of the modified Dakon Pintar game integrated with an assignment method on the numeracy skills of children aged 5–6 years at Darus Sholah Kindergarten, Jember. The research employed a quasi-experimental approach using a nonequivalent control group design involving two groups: an experimental group (n=16) and a control group (n=16). Data were collected through numeracy skill tests (pretest and posttest). Data analysis used nonparametric statistics, including the Wilcoxon test and the Mann–Whitney test, complemented by N-Gain and effect size analysis. Results indicate that the experimental group showed significantly higher improvement than the control group. The Mann–Whitney test demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.001), with the experimental group achieving a high N-Gain category while the control group fell within the low to moderate category. The effect size value of 0.85 indicates a very strong influence of the treatment. These findings suggest that the modified Dakon Pintar game combined with the assignment method is effective in enhancing early childhood numeracy skills through concrete experiences, increased engagement, and deeper conceptual understanding.

Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Pengawas Sekolah, Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Iklim Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Warunggunung Kabupaten Lebak

Siti Maesyaroh — 2026-05-31

This study aims to analyze the effect of academic supervision, principal leadership, and organizational climate on teacher performance in public elementary schools in Warunggunung District, Lebak Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The population consisted of 320 teachers, and a sample of 178 teachers was selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis techniques included descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing using t-test and F-test. The results showed that academic supervision, principal leadership, and organizational climate have positive and significant effects on teacher performance, both partially and simultaneously. The Spearman correlation analysis indicated strong relationships between variables, with organizational climate having the strongest correlation (0.832), followed by principal leadership (0.802) and academic supervision (0.755). The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that all independent variables significantly influence teacher performance, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.671, indicating that 67.1% of the variance in teacher performance is explained by these variables. In conclusion, improving teacher performance requires an integrated approach through effective academic supervision, strong principal leadership, and a conducive organizational climate. These findings highlight the importance of school management practices in enhancing teacher performance and educational quality.

Implementasi Kurva Lissajous Dalam Desain Motif Batik Geometris Pada Media Busana Rompi Bernilai Seni dan Terukur Matematis

Hilman Atohar — 2026-05-31

Mathematics learning often faces challenges in visualizing abstract concepts such as parametric curves. One of them is the Lissajous curve, which is difficult for students to understand without visual aids. This study aims to develop a visual media in the form of a geometrically patterned batik vest inspired by the Lissajous curve as a creative and applicable mathematics learning media that is both artistically valuable and mathematically measurable. This research uses the Research & Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), restricted up to the development stage. Data analysis techniques use expert validation to assess the feasibility of the media. Three experts participated as validators: a mathematics material expert, a batik design expert, and a learning media expert. The validation results showed that the mathematics material expert gave a percentage of 87.5% (very feasible), the batik design expert gave 90% (very feasible), and the learning media expert gave 90% (very feasible), with an average of 89.17% (very feasible). The results of this study produced a batik vest that is not only aesthetically high-value but also mathematically measurable, with three parametric equation models applied through gold embroidery techniques on black fabric. Thus, the product is declared feasible to be used as an innovative mathematics learning medium.

Transformasi Pengembangan Kurikulum Berbasis Outcome dan Prinsip Active Learning Dalam Pembelajaran Kolaboratif

Melkianus Panda Huki — 2026-05-31

The development of 21st century education demands an elementary school curriculum that is not only oriented to mastering materials, but also to developing critical thinking, collaboration, creativity, and digital literacy competencies. These conditions encourage the need for curriculum transformation that is more adaptive, measurable, and centered on learners. This study aims to examine, analyze, and formulate an effective and contextual integrated curriculum development model through Outcome-Based Education, Active Learning, and Collaborative Learning approaches. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with PRISMA procedure through the stages of identification, screening, feasibility assessment, and Article selection. Data sources were obtained from the SINTA and Scopus databases using keywords related to outcome-based curriculum, Active Learning, Collaborative Learning, and basic education in the 2020-2025 range. From the gradual selection process, 257 articles that meet the inclusion criteria were obtained, then analyzed using content analysis and thematic synthesis. The results showed that the integration of the three approaches synergistically increases learning engagement, clarity of competence achievement, critical thinking ability, cooperation, and the quality of learning outcomes of learners, although the implementation is still influenced by teacher readiness, school management support, and availability of resources. The implication of this study confirms the importance of a holistic, flexible, and institutional support-based curriculum development model so that the transformation of learning in elementary schools is effective and sustainable.

Inovasi Media Pembelajaran Ular Tangga Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Digital Pada Pembelajaran IPS Di SMP Negeri 2 Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Utara

Asvia Syura — 2026-05-31

This study aims to produce an innovative learning media in the form of a snakes and ladders game specifically designed to improve students' digital literacy in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Sawang, North Aceh Regency. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with the DDDE development model which includes four main stages, namely Decide, Design, Development, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out through interviews to explore initial needs and questionnaires to measure the level of media feasibility and student responses. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis to process data in the form of suggestions and input from experts, as well as quantitative descriptive analysis to process numerical data from the results of questionnaires and evaluations of students' digital literacy. The use of this snakes and ladders game media has been tested on 32 students at SMP Negeri 2 Sawang. The results of the study according to expert validation showed that the developed media obtained a score of 95% with very feasible criteria, and material expert validation showed that the quality of learning materials in the media obtained a score of 95% with very feasible criteria. In the small group trial phase, a score of 43.375 was obtained, while the student response questionnaire assessment showed a percentage of 89.5% with a very feasible criteria. The results of the effectiveness test for improving students' digital literacy showed a mean value of 0.7421, which is included in the effective category. Based on the assessments carried out by experts and students and the results of the effectiveness test, this snakes and ladders game media innovation is declared feasible and effective for use in social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Sawang.

Pengembangan Media Interaktif Gambar Teknik Dasar Berbasis AI Menggunakan Genially dan Canva Untuk SMK Kelas X Teknik Pemesinan

M. Khalid Thirafi Taufikul Hakim — 2026-05-31

Basic Engineering Drawing learning at SMKN 1 Tuban still faces challenges related to the limited use of interactive learning media, resulting in less optimal student understanding of conceptual materials. This study aimed to develop Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based interactive learning media using the Genially and Canva platforms and to determine its feasibility and practicality. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model up to the implementation stage. The subjects were tenth-grade students of the Machining Engineering program at SMKN 1 Tuban in a small-group trial. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and validation sheets, then analyzed descriptively using percentage techniques. The results showed that the developed media achieved a material expert validation score of 89% and a media expert validation score of 92%, both categorized as very feasible. In addition, the practicality test based on student responses obtained a percentage of 86.2%, categorized as very practical. The media integrates visual materials, animations, interactive navigation, quizzes, and AI-based automatic feedback to support a more engaging learning experience. Therefore, the developed AI-based interactive learning media is considered feasible and practical for use in Basic Engineering Drawing learning at vocational high schools.

Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Literasi Data Menggunakan Instrumen Tes Berbasis Budaya Fahombo Batu Pada Topik Hukum Newton

Yunni Dhiva Hapsary — 2026-05-31

This study aimed to validate and examine the reliability of instruments measuring critical thinking skills and data literacy using a culture-based Fahombo test. The profiles of students’ critical thinking skills and data literacy were analyzed based on gender differences in physics learning grounded in the local culture of Fahombo Batu on the topic of Newton’s Third Law. This study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. The participants consisted of 171 tenth-grade senior high school students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta who had participated in physics learning based on the local culture of Fahombo Batu, selected through purposive sampling. The instruments used were critical thinking skills and data literacy tests, whose validity and reliability were examined using the Rasch model and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results indicated that students’ critical thinking skills were in the good category, with the highest achievement in the indicators of understanding (83.52), applying (79.16), and analyzing (75.38), while the indicators of evaluating (71.21) and creating (74.43) were in the moderate category. Students’ data literacy skills ranged from moderate to good, with the highest achievement in the indicators of evaluating (84.14), interpreting (81.12), and analyzing (80.32). In contrast, the indicator of using data (74.90) was in the moderate category, and comparing data (51.20) was in the very low category. Furthermore, the analysis revealed no significant differences between male and female students in both critical thinking skills and data literacy. Overall, physics learning based on the local culture of Fahombo Batu was able to provide an overview of students’ critical thinking skills and data literacy; however, improvements are still needed in higher-order thinking skills and the optimal utilization of data.

Identifikasi Permasalahan Sarana dan Prasarana Di Sekolah-Sekolah Daerah Yang Tidak Memenuhi Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP)

Gabriella Sonia — 2026-05-31

Educational facilities and infrastructure are essential elements in creating a safe and effective learning environment. However, many schools in remote and 3T areas in Indonesia still have not met the minimum requirements of the National Education Standards (SNP). This study aims to identify the main problems of educational facilities and infrastructure and to formulate a strategic intervention model based on previous studies. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA framework. Articles published between 2018 and 2025 were selected from Google Scholar and Scopus. The findings show five main problems: inadequate school buildings, limited classrooms, insufficient laboratories and libraries, limited access to electricity and internet, and poor sanitation. The proposed intervention model includes regional prioritization, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and digital-based monitoring to support more equitable and evidence-based educational policy.

Implementasi Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah Melalui Pendekatan Kolaborasi Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru Di SD Negeri 002 Lingga dan SD Negeri 003 Lingga

Ade Cipta Sari — 2026-05-31

This study aims to describe the implementation of academic supervision by school principals through a collaborative approach in improving teacher competence at SD Negeri 002 Lingga and SD Negeri 003 Lingga. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, structured interviews, and documentation involving the principals and teachers of both schools. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, including data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data was strengthened through source and technique triangulation. The findings show that collaborative academic supervision has been implemented reasonably well and contributes to improving teacher competence, particularly in lesson planning, classroom management, and the use of varied learning strategies. The implementation is supported by open communication, principals' commitment, teachers' motivation, and a collaborative school culture. Nevertheless, several obstacles remain, including administrative workload, limited time, uneven digital literacy, resistance to feedback, and weak pre-supervision coordination. Therefore, more intensive planning, flexible supervision schedules, and stronger interpersonal communication skills among principals are required to optimize collaborative academic supervision.

Pemanfaatan Interactive Flat Panel (IFP) Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Digital Di Paud Inklusi

Etna Anjani — 2026-05-31

Pengaruh Media Fun Thinkers Book Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Materi Keragaman Budaya Sosial Kelas V SD Swasta Pelita

Surya Kartini Indah Sari Siregar — 2026-05-31

This study aims to determine the effect of Fun Thinkers Book media on fifth-grade students' critical thinking skills in Social Studies learning, particularly on the topic of social and cultural diversity. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method using a control group design. The sample consisted of 40 students from classes VA and VB of SD Swasta Pelita, divided into an experimental class and a control class. Data were collected through a critical thinking test based on indicators of analyzing, evaluating, and drawing conclusions, supported by a Likert-scale response sheet. The instruments were tested for validity and reliability before use. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, normality test, homogeneity test, and independent sample t-test. The results showed that the average posttest score of the experimental class was 83.10, while the control class obtained 52.65. The independent sample t-test produced a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. These findings show that Fun Thinkers Book has a positive and significant effect on improving students' critical thinking skills in Social Studies learning. Therefore, this media can be used as an alternative interactive learning medium to create a more engaging, active, and meaningful learning process in elementary schools.

Akuntabilitas Implementasi Kebijakan Pesantren Ramah Anak : Evaluasi Model CIPP Di Pesantren Putri Al Mawaddah

Hanif Musthofa Al Fajri — 2026-05-31

This study aims to describe the accountability of implementing the Child-Friendly Islamic Boarding School (PRA) policy at Al Mawaddah Coper Ponorogo Girls' Islamic Boarding School. It examines accountability across context, input, process, and product aspects, focusing on transparency, responsibility, and evaluation. The research employs a mixed-methods approach with a concurrent embedded design using the CIPP evaluation model. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and documentation, involving school leaders, administrators, teachers, musrifah, and santriwati. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data followed the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings indicate that context accountability reached 76% (accountable), input accountability 73.5% (accountable), process accountability 69% (moderately accountable), and product accountability 71.75% (accountable). The results show that although the policy has been implemented relatively well, challenges remain in monitoring, evaluation, and stakeholder participation. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening monitoring and evaluation systems, improving human resource capacity, and refining internal regulations to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of the PRA policy implementation.