Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Progam Makan Bergizi Gratis Dalam Perspektif Manajemen Kinerja: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) program is a public policy intervention aimed at enhancing human capital quality by meeting nutritional needs, particularly among vulnerable groups such as school-aged children. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the MBG program's implementation based on published literature. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method utilizing the PRISMA approach was employed, involving the identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion of relevant articles. Data were gathered from databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect covering the period from 2021 to 2026, resulting in the selection of 15 articles that met the established criteria. The findings indicate that the MBG program is generally effective in improving nutritional status, student attendance, and learning concentration. However, regarding efficiency, challenges remain—specifically uneven distribution, budgetary waste, and inadequate oversight. The study concludes that the program's success is heavily dependent on governance, transparency, and inter-agency integration. It recommends the digitalization of distribution systems and the implementation of data-driven monitoring to enhance program efficiency.